【语法信息】：V n
【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

Steve Bull notched his 200th goal for Wolves as they beat Leicester 3-0...史蒂夫·布尔为狼队攻入了他的第200粒进球，他们以3比0击败了莱斯特队。
The President is keen to notch a political triumph that would foster freer world trade and faster economic growth.总统渴望获得政治胜利，以促使世界贸易更为自由，经济发展更为迅速。

3.N-COUNT 可数名词 V形槽口;圆形切口 A notch is a small V-shaped or circular cut in the surface or edge of something.

【语法信息】：V P n (not pron)
【语法信息】：Also V n P
【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

He had notched up more than 25 victories worldwide...他已赢得了超过25次国际级别赛事的胜利。
The economy is expanding, notching up high growth rates.经济在发展，实现了高增长率。


【搭配模式】：PHR cl
【语用信息】：emphasis

Not for nothing was the plane called 'The widow-maker'...这种飞机被称作“寡妇机”是事出有因的。
It's not for nothing that interior decorators the world over look to the English country garden for glorious inspiration.全世界的室内设计师都希望从英国乡村花园汲取美妙的灵感，这并非没有道理。

18.PHRASE 短语 不付代价的收益;不劳而获 If you say that someone is getting something for nothing, you disapprove of the fact that they are getting what they want without doing or giving anything in return.


1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 新奇性;新颖 Novelty is the quality of being different, new, and unusual.
【搭配模式】：oft the N of n

In the contemporary western world, rapidly changing styles cater to a desire for novelty and individualism.在当代西方社会，快速变化的时尚迎合了人们追求新奇和个性的需求。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 新奇的事物 A novelty is something that is new and therefore interesting.

【搭配模式】：ADV with be
【语用信息】：emphasis

Nowhere is language a more serious issue than in Hawaii...没有哪个地方像夏威夷那样，语言成了如此重要的问题。
This kind of forest exists nowhere else in the world...在世界其他地方找不到这样的森林。
If you are extremely rich, you could stay nowhere better than the Ruislip Court Hotel.如果你非常有钱，那就住赖斯利普宫廷酒店吧，没有比它更好的地方了。

2.ADV-INDEF-NEG 否定不定副词 没有任何地方;无处 You use nowhere when making negative statements to say that a suitable place of the specified kind does not exist.
【搭配模式】：be ADV

There was nowhere to hide and nowhere to run...无处可藏，也无处可逃。
I have nowhere else to go, nowhere in the world...我没有其他地方可去，在这个世界上没有任何地方。
He had nowhere to call home.他根本没有可称为家的地方。



4.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 (排名)第…号 You can refer to someone's or something's position in a list of the most successful or most popular of a particular type of thing as, for example, number one or number two.
【搭配模式】：N num

...the world number one, Tiger Woods...世界排名第一的泰格·伍兹
Before you knew it, the single was at Number 90 in the US singles charts...转眼之间这张单曲唱片已在美国单曲唱片排行榜上排名第90位了。
Vikram Seth's 'A Suitable Boy' is number two in the best-seller lists.维克拉姆·塞思的《如意郎君》在畅销书排行榜中排名第二。


1.VERB 动词 消灭;毁掉;清除 If something obliterates an object or place, it destroys it completely.
【语法信息】：V n

Their warheads are enough to obliterate the world several times over...他们拥有的弹头足以将世界毁灭好几次。
Whole villages were obliterated by fire.整座整座的村庄都被大火所吞噬。obliteration


★☆☆ obscurity ●○○○○

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 无名；默默无闻 Obscurity is the state of being known by only a few people.

For the lucky few, there's the chance of being plucked from obscurity and thrown into the glamorous world of modelling...只有极少数幸运儿才有机会从籍籍无名中脱颖而出，进入光鲜亮丽的模特圈。
The latter half of his life was spent in obscurity and loneliness.他在默默无闻中孤独地度过了后半生。


【搭配模式】：with supp

...the Amazon basin.亚马孙河流域

4.N-COUNT 可数名词 盆地；洼地 In geography, a basin is a particular region of the world where the earth's surface is lower than in other places.
【搭配模式】：with supp
【FIELD标签】：TECHNICAL 术语

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 （为争取成功或控制权的）斗争，冲突 A battle is a conflict in which different people or groups compete in order to achieve success or control.
【搭配模式】：usu with supp

...a renewed political battle over Britain's attitude to Europe.围绕英国对欧洲的态度问题展开的新一轮政治斗争
...the eternal battle between good and evil in the world.世界上正义与邪恶的永恒斗争
...a macho battle for supremacy...男性为争取支配地位而进行的斗争He was appalled to discover members of the board fighting damaging personal battles.他惊恐地发现董事会成员正在进行你死我活的私人争斗。


【语法信息】：V n

He intends to try to leave the country, in spite of a government order cancelling his passport...尽管政府已经下令吊销他的护照，他还是试图要离开该国。
She learned her insurance had been canceled by Pacific Mutual Insurance Company...她得知自己的保险已经被太平洋互助保险公司中止了。
Under the agreement, Britain will cancel hundreds of millions of pounds in debts owed to it by some of world's poorest countries.根据该协议,英国将免除世界上一些最不发达国家欠下的数亿英镑的债务。cancellation

...a march by groups calling for cancellation of Third World debt.要求取消第三世界债务的团体举行的游行

3.VERB 动词 盖销，注销(邮票或支票) To cancel a stamp or a cheque means to mark it to show that it has already been used and cannot be used again.


2.N-COUNT 可数名词 广州人；广东人 The Cantonese are the people who live in or come from the Chinese city of Guangzhou and the province of Guangdong.
【搭配模式】：usu pl

3.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 广东话;粤语 Cantonese is a dialect of Chinese spoken in China's Guangdong, Guangxi and Hong Kong, as well as in other parts of the world.



★☆☆ cape ●●○○○

1.N-COUNT; N-IN-NAMES 名称名词；名称名词 海角;岬 A cape is a large piece of land that sticks out into the sea from the coast.

In 1978, Naomi James became the first woman to sail solo around the world via Cape Horn.1978年,娜奥米·詹姆斯成为第一个独自驾船绕过合恩角环游世界的女子。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 披肩;斗篷 A cape is a short cloak.

5.N-COUNT 可数名词 (工商业活动的)中心 If a place is the capital of a particular industry or activity, it is the place that is most famous for it, because it happens in that place more than anywhere else.
【搭配模式】：usu the N in sing

Colmar has long been considered the capital of the wine trade.科尔马长期以来一直被视为葡萄酒贸易中心。
...New York, the fashion capital of the world.纽约,世界时尚之都

6.N-COUNT 可数名词 大写字母 Capitals or capital letters are written or printed letters in the form which is used at the beginning of sentences or names. 'T', 'B', and 'F' are capitals.

【语法信息】：be V-ed
【语法信息】：V n

I was captivated by her brilliant mind...我为她的聪慧所倾倒。
For 40 years she has captivated the world with her radiant looks.40年来,她那令人惊艳的美貌让全世界为之痴迷。




9.N-COUNT 可数名词 担心;忧虑;恐惧 Your cares are your worries, anxieties, or fears.

Lean back in a hot bath and forget all the cares of the day...舒舒服服地躺着泡个热水澡,忘掉白天的一切烦恼。
Johnson seemed without a care in the world.约翰逊似乎无忧无虑。

10. See also: caring;aftercare;day care;intensive care;

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 （书、演讲、乐曲等的）段，节，章 A passage in a book, speech, or piece of music is a section of it that you are considering separately from the rest.
【搭配模式】：usu with supp

He reads a passage from Milton.他读了一节弥尔顿的诗。
...the passage in which Blake spoke of the world of imagination...布莱克谈及幻想世界的那一段
Compare the following passages.比较下列片段。


【语域标签】：mainly BRIT 主英
【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

I mucked up at the 13th hole and told myself that this was getting stupid...在第13个洞时，我搞砸了，心说这下没戏了。
Scientists should figure out how to keep the natural world from mucking up the affairs of people.科学家应该想办法防止大自然扰乱人类的活动。



【搭配模式】：usu a N in sing
【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

The new 37th issue of National Savings Certificates is a must for any taxpayer...新发行的第37期国家储蓄债券是任何一个纳税人的必然之选。
A must is a visit to the fascinating and world-renowned Motor Museum.一定要去参观一下那个举世闻名且精彩有趣的汽车博物馆。

14.PHRASE 短语 如果你一定要(这样做的话) You say 'if you must' when you know that you cannot stop someone doing something that you think is wrong or stupid.


1.N-VAR 可变名词 神话 A myth is a well-known story which was made up in the past to explain natural events or to justify religious beliefs or social customs.

There is a famous Greek myth in which Icarus flew too near to the Sun.有一个著名的希腊神话，讲的是伊卡洛斯飞得离太阳过近的故事。
...the world of magic and of myth.魔法和神话的世界

2.N-VAR 可变名词 错误的看法（或认识）；编造的话;谎言 If you describe a belief or explanation as a myth, you mean that many people believe it but it is actually untrue.


1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 持久不变;稳定 Constancy is the quality of staying the same even though other things change.

Climate reflects a basic struggle between constancy and change...气候反映出稳定与变化之间基本的较量。
We live in a world without constancy.我们生活在一个瞬息万变的世界。

2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 忠实;忠诚;坚定不移 Constancy is the quality of being faithful and loyal to a particular person or belief.

The average speed of the winds remained constant.平均风速保持稳定。

3.N-COUNT 可数名词 恒定物;常数；常量；常项 A constant is a thing or value that always stays the same.

In the world of fashion it sometimes seems that the only constant is ceaseless change...在时装界，有时似乎唯一永恒不变的东西就是不断的变化。
Two significant constants have been found in a number of research studies.若干研究已经发现了两个重要常量。Usage Note :
You can use constant, continual, and continuous to describe things that happen or exist without stopping. You describe something as constant when it happens all the time or never goes away. He was in constant pain. ...Eva's constant criticism. Continual is usually used to describe something that happens often over a period of time, especially something undesirable. ...his continual drinking. ...continual demands to cut costs. If something is continuous, it happens all the time without stopping, or seems to do so. ...days of continuous rain. ...a continuous background noise.


1.N-VAR 可变名词 商讨会;研讨;磋商 A consultation is a meeting which is held to discuss something. Consultation is discussion about something.

Next week he'll be in Florida for consultations with President Mitterrand...下周，他将在佛罗里达与密特朗总统进行磋商。
The plans were drawn up in consultation with the World Health Organisation...这些方案是在与世界卫生组织磋商之后起草的。
The strike was called in protest at the government's lack of consultation with the unions.此次罢工是为抗议政府缺乏与工会的磋商而发动的。



3.N-COUNT 可数名词 同时期的人;同时代的人 Someone's contemporary is a person who is or was alive at the same time as them.
【搭配模式】：usu pl

Like most of my contemporaries, I grew up in a vastly different world.和大多数同辈人一样，我生长在一个截然不同的世界。
...a glossary of musical terms found in Shakespeare and his contemporaries.莎士比亚及其同时代人音乐术语汇编


【语法信息】：V n to n
【语法信息】：Also V

The three sons also contribute to the family business...这3个儿子也为家族事业做出了贡献。
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world...我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献。
He believes he has something to contribute to a discussion concerning the uprising.他认为自己能够为有关起义的讨论提供一些信息。


1.N-COUNT 可数名词 贡献 If you make a contribution to something, you do something to help make it successful or to produce it.
【搭配模式】：oft N to n

American economists have made important contributions to the field of financial and corporate economics...美国的经济学家们在金融和企业经济学领域做出了重要的贡献。
He was awarded a prize for his contribution to world peace.他由于为世界和平做出贡献而获奖。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 捐款;捐资 A contribution is a sum of money that you give in order to help pay for something.


1.N-COUNT 可数名词 难题;复杂难解的问题 A conundrum is a problem or puzzle which is difficult or impossible to solve.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

...this theological conundrum of the existence of evil and suffering in a world created by a good God.在善良的上帝创造的世界里存在着邪恶和苦难这一神学之谜




1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 没有可读性的；不值得一读的 If you use unreadable to describe a book or other piece of writing, you are criticizing it because it is very boring, complicated, or difficult to understand.
【语用信息】：disapproval

For some this is the greatest novel in the world. For others it is unreadable...对于一些人来说这是世界上最伟大的小说，但对于另一些人来说，它不值得一读。
Most computer ads used to be loaded with technical specifications, virtually unreadable to the average consumer.以前的大多数电脑广告里都会有很多专业说明，普通消费者几乎看不懂。


It felt so unreal to be talking about our son like this.真不敢相信我们会这样谈论我们的儿子。unreality

To his surprise he didn't feel too weak. Light-headed certainly, and with a sense of unreality, but able to walk.令他惊讶的是他并没有感到很虚弱。虽然的确感到头晕，并有点儿虚飘飘的感觉，但他还是能走的。

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 不可能的；虚构的 If you use unreal to describe something, you are critical of it because you think that it is not like, or not related to, things you expect to find in the real world.
【语用信息】：disapproval



1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 单纯的；不懂世故的；没经验的 Unsophisticated people do not have a wide range of experience or knowledge and have simple tastes.

It was music of a rather crude kind which unsophisticated audiences enjoyed listening to...这是一种平民品味的听众喜欢听的简单粗糙的音乐形式。
She was quite unsophisticated in the ways of the world.她胸无城府。

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 简单的；不精密的 An unsophisticated method or device is very simple and often not very effective.

1.ADJ 形容词 无与伦比的；无可匹敌的；超凡绝伦的 If you describe something as unsurpassed, you are emphasizing that it is better or greater than anything else of its kind.
【语用信息】：emphasis

The quality of Smallbone furniture is unsurpassed.斯莫尔本恩家具品质超凡。
...the Hamburg weekly, surely unsurpassed in the world for its intellectual range and quality.在汉堡出版的这份周刊视野广博，见解深刻，无疑卓绝于世




3.ADJ 形容词 世外桃源般的；不染尘嚣的；天然质朴的 An untouched area or place is thought to be beautiful because it is still in its original state and has not been changed or damaged in any way.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n

Ducie is one of the world's last untouched islands, nearly 5,000km from Australia.迪西岛是当今世上仅存的几个不染尘嚣的岛屿之一，距澳大利亚近5,000公里。
...a relatively untouched cottage within only an hour or so's drive of London.相对而言未受破坏的小屋，距伦敦仅一个小时左右的车程


★☆☆ untraceable

1.ADJ 形容词 无法追寻的；无法追踪的；找不到的 If someone or something is untraceable, it is impossible to find them.

...a world where electronic crime is untraceable.一个电子犯罪无法被追查到的世界



Washington is unhappy with the peace plan which it views as unworkable.美国政府对和平计划不满，认为它不可行。


——————————————
★☆☆ unworldly

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 不练达的；不谙世故的；不老练的 If you describe someone as unworldly, you mean that they have not experienced many things in their life and do not know what sort of things usually happen to other people during their lives.

She was so young, so unworldly...她太年轻，太不懂人情世故。
He is a little unworldly about such matters.他在这些事情上不太老练。

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 淡泊的；恬淡的 If you describe someone as unworldly, you mean that they are not interested in having a lot of money or possessions.

Kitty's family was unworldly, unimpressed by power, or money.基蒂一家清心寡欲，淡泊金钱与权力。




1.PHRASAL VERB 短语动词 过关斩将进入到;打拼到;闯到 If you win through to a particular position or stage of a competition, you achieve it after a great effort or by defeating opponents.
【语法信息】：V P P n

...Sabatini, who won through to the final after defeating the world number one.击败世界头号选手后闯入决赛的萨巴蒂尼



【搭配模式】：oft with poss

She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make amends for the past...她真诚地希望弥补从前的过失。
Clearly she had no wish for conversation...她显然无意谈话。
She wanted to go everywhere in the world. She soon got her wish...她想走遍世界，很快便如愿以偿。The decision was made against the wishes of the party leader.这个决定违背了该党领导人的意愿。

2.VERB 动词 想要，希望(做…) If you wish to do something or to have it done for you, you want to do it or have it done.

【搭配模式】：no cont

I wish I could do that...我希望我能做那件事。
I wish it weren't true...但愿这不是真的。
Pa, I wish you wouldn't shout...爸，我希望你不要嚷嚷了。The world is not always what we wish it to be.世界并不总是如我们所愿。Usage Note :
Note that wish and want have similar meanings, but are used differently. If you want something, you feel a need for it or a desire to have it. You can say that you want to do something, that you want someone to do something, or that you want something to happen. If you use wish with a 'to' infinitive, this has the same meaning as want but is more formal. I want to get out of here... She wished to consult him about her future. Wish is normally followed by a 'that'-clause, although the word 'that' is often omitted from the clause. If you wish that something was the case, you would like it to be the case, even though this is unlikely or impossible. I wish I lived near London... He wished he had phoned for a cab. Note the use of the tenses in the examples; when wish is in the present tense, the past tense is used in the clause, and when wish is in the past tense, the past perfect tense is used in the clause.注意wish 与 want 虽意思相近，但用法不同。want 表示感觉需要或希望拥有某物，可以说 want to do something, want someone to do something 或 want something to happen。如果 wish 与带 to 的不定式连用，则与 want 意思相同，但语气要更正式：I want to get out of here (我想离开这里), She wished to consult him about her future (她想就自己未来的发展向他咨询意见)。wish 一般后接 that 从句，但从句中的 that 经常省略，表示虽然明知不太可能或完全没有可能，依然希望某事是真的：I wish I lived near London (我真希望自己住在伦敦附近)，He wished he had phoned for a cab (他真希望自己已经打电话叫出租车了)。注意上述例子中时态的用法：wish 用现在时，则从句用过去时;wish 用过去时，则从句用过去完成时。


【语用信息】：approval

She knew she had made the right decision. She was her own woman again.她知道她作了一个正确的决定。她又独立自主了。

10. woman of the world→see: world;




——————————————
★☆☆ wonderland ●○○○○

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 (童话中的)仙境，奇境 Wonderland is an imaginary world that exists in fairy stories.

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 非常奇妙的地方;极美丽的地方 You can refer to a place as a wonderland when it is strange and very beautiful or exciting.

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 停滞（或落后）的地方；一潭死水 If you refer to a place or institution as a backwater, you think it is not developing properly because it is isolated from ideas and events in other places and institutions.
【搭配模式】：usu with supp
【语用信息】：disapproval

Britain could become a political backwater with no serious influence in the world...英国有变成在世界上没有真正影响力的政治死水之虞。
This agency will be relegated to the backwaters of Washington...这个机构将沦落为华盛顿闭塞落后之地。
Quebec remained a backwater until the 1960s.魁北克直到20世纪60年代还是一片死气沉沉。

【搭配模式】：usu pl
【语域标签】：BRIT 英
【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

...a baddie who's trying to take over the world.企图统治世界的恶人in AM, use 美国英语通常用 bad guy




2.PHRASAL VERB 短语动词 （并不出色地用乐器大声）演奏出，敲出，砸出（某一乐曲） If someone bangs out a tune on a musical instrument such as a piano, they play it loudly and not very well.
【语法信息】：V P n (not pron)

...the same version of 'Mr Tambourine Man' he's been banging out since the world was young.他打地球开始转的时候就一直在弹奏的这同一首《铃鼓先生》




5.N-COUNT 可数名词 库（如血库等） You use bank to refer to a store of something. For example, a blood bank is a store of blood that is kept ready for use.
【搭配模式】：with supp

...Britain's National Police Computer, one of the largest data banks in the world.英国国家警务计算机系统，世界上最大的数据库之一

6.PHRASE 短语 斥巨资；花费大笔的钱；倾家荡产 If you say that the cost of something will not break the bank, you mean that it will not cost a large sum of money.

★☆☆ gifted ●○○○○

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 有天赋的；有天才的；有天资的 Someone who is gifted has a natural ability to do something well.

...one of the most gifted players in the world...世界上最有天赋的运动员之一
He was witty, amusing and gifted with a sharp business brain.他机智诙谐，具有敏锐的商业头脑。


【语法信息】：V n to n
【语法信息】：V to n

They gave us T-shirts and stickers...他们为我们提供了T恤衫和贴纸。
He gave money to the World Health Organisation to help defeat smallpox...他向世界卫生组织提供资金以帮助消灭天花。
This recipe was given to me years ago by a farmer's wife...这份食谱是一位农民的妻子几年前给我的。Americans are still giving to charity despite hard economic times.尽管正值经济困难时期，美国人依然在做慈善捐助。


★☆☆ glamorous ●●○○○

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 富有魅力的；迷人的；令人向往的 If you describe someone or something as glamorous, you mean that they are more attractive, exciting, or interesting than ordinary people or things.

...some of the world's most beautiful and glamorous women...全世界最漂亮迷人的一些女性
The south coast is less glamorous but full of clean and attractive hotels.南海岸魅力稍逊，但却有很多干净漂亮的宾馆。


★☆☆ glitzy ●○○○○

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 浮华的；华丽的；光彩夺目的 Something that is glitzy is exciting and attractive in a showy way.

...Aspen, Colorado, one of the glitziest ski resorts in the world.位于科罗拉多州的全球最奢华的滑雪胜地之一阿斯彭




——————————————
★☆☆ global ●●●○○

1.ADJ 形容词 全球的；全世界的 You can use global to describe something that happens in all parts of the world or affects all parts of the world.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n


【语法信息】：V
【语法信息】：V n
【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商

As the world becomes more complex, some things do, of course, standardize and globalize...随着世界变得日益复杂，某些事物确实理所当然地规范化和全球化了。
Companies will come together because of the sheer costs involved in globalising their businesses.由于业务全球化的成本太高，公司将进行合并。globalization



——————————————
★☆☆ global reach

1.N-SING 单数名词 开拓国际市场的能力 When people talk about the global reach of a company or industry, they mean its ability to have customers in many different parts of the world.
【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商



——————————————
★☆☆ global village

1.N-SING 单数名词 地球村（指整个世界由电子通信设施，尤其是因特网连接为一个社会） People sometimes refer to the world as a global village when they want to emphasize that all the different parts of the world form one community linked together by electronic communications, especially the Internet.

Now that we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour.既然我们都是地球村的一部分，大家都成了邻居。


——————————————
★☆☆ globe ●●○○○

1.N-SING 单数名词 地球，世界（用于强调其广大或某事在许多地区发生） You can refer to the world as the globe when you are emphasizing how big it is or that something happens in many different parts of it.
【搭配模式】：usu the N

...bottles of beer from every corner of the globe...来自世界各个角落的一瓶瓶啤酒
70% of our globe's surface is water.地球表面70%的地方覆盖着水。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 地球仪 A globe is a ball-shaped object with a map of the world on it. It is usually fixed on a stand.

...a globe of the world...世界地球仪
Three large globes stand on the floor.3个巨大的地球仪立在地板上。



——————————————
★☆☆ globetrot

1.VERB 动词 环球旅行；周游世界 If someone spends their time globe-trotting, they spend a lot of time travelling to different parts of the world.
【语法信息】：V
【搭配模式】：usu cont


——————————————
★☆☆ globe-trot

1.VERB 动词 环球旅行；周游世界 If someone spends their time globe-trotting, they spend a lot of time travelling to different parts of the world.
【语法信息】：V
【搭配模式】：usu cont

1.N-COUNT 可数名词 供过于求；供应过剩 If there is a glut of something, there is so much of it that it cannot all be sold or used.
【搭配模式】：usu sing

There's a glut of agricultural products in Western Europe.西欧的农产品供过于求。
...a world oil glut.全球石油供应过剩

2.VERB 动词 充斥；使供应过剩 If a market is glutted with something, there is a glut of that thing.


——————————————
★☆☆ GMT ●●○○○

1. 格林尼治标准时间 GMT is the standard time in Great Britain which is used to calculate the time in the rest of the world. GMT is an abbreviation for (缩略=) 'Greenwich Mean Time'.

New Mexico is seven hours behind GMT.新墨西哥州的时间比格林尼治标准时间晚7个小时。


6.PHRASE 短语 （采取行动）帮助，援助 If you come to someone's assistance, you take action to help them.
【搭配模式】：V inflects

They are appealing to the world community to come to Jordan's assistance...他们正在呼吁国际社会向约旦伸出援手。
Ben suffered a heart attack and Helen rushed to his assistance.本心脏病犯了，海伦急忙赶过来帮忙。



8.PREP 介词 以，达（某一数量） You use at before a number or amount to indicate a measurement.
【搭配模式】：PREP amount

Weighing in at eighty tons, the B-19 was easily the largest and most sophisticated warplane in the world.B-19重达80吨，无疑是世界上最大、最先进的军用飞机。
...as unemployment stays pegged at three million.当失业人数维持在300万



2.N-COUNT-COLL 可数集合名词 See also: studio audience; （电视或广播节目的）观众，听众 The audience for a television or radio programme consists of all the people who watch or listen to it.
【搭配模式】：usu with supp

The concert will be relayed to a worldwide television audience estimated at one thousand million.这场音乐会将向全球约10亿电视观众转播。

3.N-COUNT-COLL 可数集合名词 读者 The audience of a writer or artist is the people who read their books or look at their work.

1.PHRASE 短语 在…的赞助（或支持）下 If something is done under the auspices of a particular person or organization, or under someone's auspices, it is done with their support and approval.
【搭配模式】：PHR n
【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式

...a walk in support of Forests of the World, under the auspices of the World Wildlife Fund.由世界自然基金会赞助的支持“保护世界森林”的徒步行走活动
...a peace conference under United Nations auspices.联合国主办的和平大会



5.ADJ 形容词 同类型的;相关联的;如同姐妹的 You can use sister to describe something that is of the same type or is connected in some way to another thing you have mentioned. For example, if a company has a sister company, they are connected.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n

...the International Monetary Fund and its sister organisation, the World Bank.国际货币基金组织及其姊妹机构——世界银行
...Voyager 2 and its sister ship, Voyager 1.“旅行者 2 号”太空探测器及其姊妹探测器——“旅行者 1 号”


★☆☆ sixth ●●●●○

1.ORD 序数词 第六 The sixth item in a series is the one that you count as number six.

...the sixth round of the World Cup.世界杯第六轮的比赛
...the sixth of December.12 月 6 日


【语法信息】：V n
【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

The famed film-maker slammed the claims as 'an outrageous lie'...这位大名鼎鼎的电影制片人声色俱厉地抨击了这些说法，称之为“无耻的谎言”。
Britain has been slammed by the United Nations for having one of the worst race relations records in the world.由于在处理种族关系方面的表现位列全世界最糟糕的国家之一，英国遭到了联合国的严厉批评。

4.VERB 动词 猛烈撞击 If one thing slams into or against another, it crashes into it with great force.

She decided that I was the ideal person to take over the job...她认定我是接手这份工作的最佳人选。
I really love the area and see it as an ideal place to start my managerial career...我真的很喜欢那个地区，把它视为开创我管理事业的理想之地。
The conditions were ideal for racing.当时的天气最适合比赛。

4.ADJ 形容词 完美的;理想的 An ideal society or world is the best possible one that you can imagine.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n

We do not live in an ideal world...我们并非生活在完美的世界里。
In an ideal world, there would be no such thing as rubbish...在一个理想世界中，不会有垃圾之类的东西。
Their ideal society collapsed around them into the Terror and then into the Counterrevolution.他们所处的理想社会崩溃了，社会进入恐怖时期，接着是反革命时期。


He has illustrated the book with black-and-white photographs.他为那本书配了一些黑白照片插图。illustrated

The book is beautifully illustrated throughout.这本书从头到尾都有精美的插图。illustration

...the world of children's book illustration.儿童图书插图世界



1.ADJ 形容词 想象中的;假想的;虚构的 An imaginary person, place, or thing exists only in your mind or in a story, and not in real life.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

Lots of children have imaginary friends.许多孩子都会凭空想象一些朋友。
...creating an imaginary world.创造一个虚构的世界




1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 失衡的;失调的 If you describe a situation as imbalanced, you mean that the elements within it are not evenly or fairly arranged.

...a markedly imbalanced geographical distribution of immigrants.显著失衡的移民地理分布
...the present imbalanced structure of world trade.当前世界贸易的失衡结构



1.ADJ 形容词 内在的;无所不在的 If you say that a quality is immanent in a particular thing, you mean that the thing has that quality, and cannot exist or be imagined without it.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

...a radical analysis of hierarchy as the immanent principle of Western society...把等级制度视作西方社会内在原则的激进分析
God is immanent in the world.上帝无所不在。



1.N-COUNT 可数名词 影响;作用 The impact that something has on a situation, process, or person is a sudden and powerful effect that it has on them.
【搭配模式】：usu sing

They say they expect the meeting to have a marked impact on the future of the country...他们称他们预期会议对国家的未来会产生显著影响。
The major impact of this epidemic worldwide is yet to come...这种传染病在世界范围内的重大影响还未完全显现。
When an executive comes into a new job, he wants to quickly make an impact.一个新主管刚上任时,会希望尽快树立威信。



1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 不完美的;有缺点的;有瑕疵的 Something that is imperfect has faults and is not exactly as you would like it to be.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

We live in an imperfect world...我们生活在一个并不完美的世界上。
They have a huge selection of perfect, slightly imperfect and discontinued cookers, fridges and so on.他们有大量完好的、略有瑕疵的以及已停产的炊具、冰箱和其他货品可供选择。
...a child's imperfect understanding of what is going on between their parents.孩子对父母间所发生事情的一知半解imperfectly

5.VERB 动词 细分，划分(市场) If a company segments a market, it divides it into separate parts, usually in order to improve marketing opportunities.
【语法信息】：V n into n
【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商

The big six record companies are multinational, and thus can segment the world market into national ones.六大唱片公司都是跨国经营，因此能够将世界市场按国家划分。




They were forged by them, moreover, into a self-conscious nation as early as the 10th century...另外，早在10世纪，他们就被其锻造成了一个具有自我意识的民族。
Putting the work together is a very self-conscious process.把作品整个呈现出来是一个显示出强烈自我意识的过程。self-consciously

The world which the book inhabits seems too self-consciously literary, too introverted...该书所描绘的世界似乎过分刻意地追求文学性，过于内敛含蓄。
The place is as self-consciously trendy as they come.这个地方非常有意识地追求时髦。



2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 (人)独立生活的，自立的 Someone who is self-sufficient is able to live happily without anyone else.

Although she had various boyfriends, Madeleine was, and remains, fiercely self-sufficient...尽管有过各种各样的男朋友，马德琳过去和现在一直都非常自立。
He'd created a tiny, self-sufficient world for himself.他为自己创造了一个自我满足的小小世界。



【语法信息】：V n adj

My attempt to fix it sent Lawrence into fits of laughter.我试着修理它，却让劳伦斯乐得前仰后合。
...before civil war and famine sent the country plunging into anarchy...在内战和饥荒让这个国家陷入一片混乱之前
An obsessive search for our inner selves, far from saving the world, could send us all mad.一味地找寻自我不但不能拯救世界，反而会将我们都逼疯。

7. to send someone to Coventry→see: Coventry; to send someone packing→see: pack; 相关词组：send away for send down send for send in send off send off for send on send out send out for send up

In the olden days the girls were married young...过去女孩子早早就出嫁了。In olden days, of course, a flag-lieutenant was in charge of the Admiral's signal flags.当然在过去，副官掌管着舰队司令的信号旗。


——————————————
★☆☆ olde worlde

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 旧时的；古色古香的；古雅的 Olde worlde is used to describe places and things that are or seem to be from an earlier period of history, and that look interesting or attractive.
【语域标签】：BRIT 英

...the quaint olde worlde part of town...古色古香的老城区
There is an olde worlde look about the clothes for summer.这些夏装看上去有复古风范。



The rolls of distant thunder were growing more ominous.远处隆隆的雷声听着愈发惊心，要变天了。ominously

The bar seemed ominously quiet...酒吧里非常安静，给人一种不祥的预感。
Ominously, car sales slumped in August...8月份的汽车销量暴跌，这可不是个好兆头。
He spoke ominously of the world facing 'a war in Europe and possibly something greater'.他作出不祥的预言，说世界将面临“一场发生在欧洲、甚至可能更大范围的战争”。



【搭配模式】：PHR after v

You can't be doing two things at once...不能一心二用。
No bank could ever pay off its creditors if they all demanded their money at once...如果所有的储户同时要求提取存款，没有哪家银行能办得到。
She seems at once feminine and able to cope in a man's world.她看起来既有女人味，又能在男人的世界里游刃有余。

10.PHRASE 短语 就此一次；破例一次 For once is used to emphasize that something happens on this particular occasion, especially if it has never happened before, and may never happen again.

I popped my head round the door once or twice...我有几次头撞到了门上。
Once or twice she had caught a flash of interest in William's eyes...有那么一两次，她发现威廉的眼睛里流露出一丝感兴趣的神色。
She gazed up at him, blinking once or twice, apparently surprised at his cleverness.她抬头注视着他，偶尔才眨一下眼睛，显然对他的聪明才智颇为惊讶。

15.PHRASE 短语 （常用于儿童故事的开头）从前，很久以前 Once upon a time is used to indicate that something happened or existed a long time ago or in an imaginary world. It is often used at the beginning of children's stories.
【搭配模式】：PHR with cl



33.PHRASE 短语 （比赛、选举等）结果不确定的，胜负难定的 If you say that a competition, race, or election is wide open, you mean that anyone could win it, because there is no competitor who seems to be much better than the others.
【搭配模式】：v-link PHR

The competition has been thrown wide open by the absence of the world champion.由于世界冠军缺阵，这场比赛变得胜负难定。

34. with open arms→see: arm; to open the door→see: door; to keep your eyes open→see: eye; with your eyes open→see: eye; to open your eyes→see: eye; to open fire→see: fire; to open your heart→see: heart; the heavens open→see: heaven; an open mind→see: mind; to open your mind→see: mind; to keep your options open→see: option; 相关词组：open out open up

【语法信息】：V P n to n
【语法信息】：Also V n P

As the market opens up, I think people are going to be able to spend more money on consumer goods...随着市场的放开，我认为人们将能够增加用于消费品的支出。
He said he wanted to see how Albania was opening up to the world...他说他想看看阿尔巴尼亚是如何对外开放的。
These programmes will open up markets for farmers...这些计划将为农民打开市场。The money could open up music to more children.这笔款项能让更多的孩子受到音乐的熏陶。


【语法信息】：V n

Ceiling and wall lights can operate independently...吊灯和壁灯可单独开关。
How do accounting records operate?...账目是如何记录的？
The world of work doesn't operate that way.职场上可不是那样的。operation

Why is it the case that taking part-time work is made so difficult by the operation of the benefit system?为什么福利制度的实行会使打零工变得这么困难？

【语法信息】：V n
【语法信息】：V

A massive rock fall trapped the men as they operated a tunnelling machine...这些工人在操作隧道挖掘机时被大量的落石困住了。
The number of fax machines operating around the world has now reached ten million.现在全球使用的传真机数量已达到了1,000万台。operation

...over 1,000 dials monitoring every aspect of the operation of the aeroplane.监控飞机所有运行细节的1,000多个仪表盘

6.PHRASE 短语 （使）施行；（使）实行；（使）生效 When a rule, system, or plan comes into operation or you put it into operation, you begin to use it.
【搭配模式】：V inflects

The Financial Services Act came into operation four years ago...《金融服务法》于4年前开始实施。
Cheaper energy conservation techniques have been put into operation in the developed world.更经济的节能技术在发达国家已经投入使用。



【搭配模式】：usu adj N
【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

He was a smart operator. Don't underestimate him.他这个人精明圆滑，可别小瞧了他。
...one of the shrewdest political operators in the Arab World.阿拉伯世界最精明狡猾的政客之一

5. See also: tour operator;

1.ADJ 形容词 人均的；按人计算的 The per capita amount of something is the total amount of it in a country or area divided by the number of people in that country or area.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n
【搭配模式】：n ADV

They have the world's largest per capita income...他们的人均收入居世界之首。
The per capita consumption of alcohol has dropped over the past two years.在过去两年里，人均酒品消费量降低了。Per capita is also an adverb.

Ethiopia has almost the lowest oil consumption per capita in the world...埃塞俄比亚的人均石油耗费量几乎是全世界最低的。This year Americans will eat about 40% more fresh apples per capita than the Japanese.今年，美国人均鲜苹果消费量会比日本高约40%。



2.N-COUNT 可数名词 表现…的人（或事物）；性能…的事物 You can use performer when describing someone or something in a way that indicates how well they do a particular thing.
【搭配模式】：supp N

Until 1987, Canada's industry had been the star performer...直到1987年，加拿大的工业一直成就斐然。
He is a world class performer.他是位世界级的表演者。



2.VERB 动词 湮灭；毁灭；丧失 If something perishes, it comes to an end or is destroyed for ever.
【语法信息】：V
【FIELD标签】：WRITTEN 笔语

Buddhism had to adapt to the new world or perish...佛教必须适应新时代，否则将会消亡。
Civilizations do eventually decline and perish.各种文明最后都会衰落、消亡。


【语法信息】：V n
【语法信息】：V-ed

She seemed to personify goodness and nobility...她宛如善良和高贵的化身。
...the world of inter-war decency as personified by Stanley Baldwin...在斯坦利·鲍德温身上所体现的两次大战间体面正派的人生
On other occasions she can be charm personified.在其他场合，她是魅力的化身。


7.ADJ 形容词 （数目、词语等）重要的，关键的，举足轻重的 You can use expressions such as the magic number and the magic word to indicate that a number or word is the one which is significant or desirable in a particular situation.
【搭配模式】：the ADJ n

...their quest to gain the magic number of 270 electoral votes on Election Day.在大选之日他们对胜败攸关的270张选票的争取
...the magic word that opened doors onto private worlds.开启私人世界的咒语

8.ADJ 形容词 立见奇效的;立竿见影的 Magic is used in expressions such as there is no magic formula and there is no magic solution to say that someone will have to make an effort to solve a problem, because it will not solve itself.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

...his magisterial voice and bearing...他威严的言行举止
The Cambridge World History of Human Disease is a magisterial work.《剑桥世界人类疾病史》是一部权威著作。



【语法信息】：V n n

I'd just like to make a comment...我只想稍加评论。
I made a few phone calls...我打了几个电话。
I think you're making a serious mistake...我认为你正在犯一个严重的错误。The Pope said the world had made some progress towards peace in 1991...教皇称1991年全世界在争取和平方面有所进展。Science and technology have made major changes to the way we live...科技极大地改变了我们的生活方式。She had made us an offer too good to refuse.她开出的条件好得让我们难以回绝。

2.VERB 动词 (与某些名词连用)把…做(好)，把…搞(糟) You can use make with certain nouns to indicate that someone does something well or badly. For example, if you make a success of something, you do it successfully, and if you make a mess of something, you do it very badly.


4.VERB 动词 使显得;使看上去 If you say that one thing or person makes another seem, for example, small, stupid, or good, you mean that they cause them to seem small, stupid, or good in comparison, even though they are not.
【语法信息】：V n inf adj/prep/n

They live in fantasy worlds which make Euro Disney seem uninventive...他们生活在幻想的世界里，相形之下连欧洲迪士尼乐园都显得毫无创意。
Since he came to live with me, we have been subject to a campaign of spite and revenge which makes Lady Sarah appear angelic by comparison.自从他来与我同住，我们之间便摩擦不断;相比之下，萨拉夫人倒显得一副菩萨心肠。



——————————————
★☆☆ make-believe

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 虚构；虚幻 If someone is living in a make-believe world, they are pretending that things are better, different, or more exciting than they really are instead of facing up to reality.
【语用信息】：disapproval

...the glamorous make-believe world of show business...娱乐界令人眼花缭乱的虚幻世界
She squandered millions on a life of make-believe.她为一种虚幻的生活挥金如土。


The incident happened at a critical point in the campaign...该事件发生在竞选活动的关键时期。
Environmentalists say a critical factor in the city's pollution is its population...环境保护主义者说造成该城市污染问题的一个关键因素是其人口数量。
He says setting priorities is of critical importance...他说确定优先顺序是至关重要的。How you finance a business is critical to the success of your venture.如何融资对企业的成功至关重要。critically

Economic prosperity depends critically on an open world trading system...经济繁荣关键要靠一个开放的世界贸易体系。
It was a critically important moment in his career.那是他事业中至关重要的一刻。



1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 越野比赛(如赛跑、自行车赛、滑雪赛等) Cross-country is the sport of running, riding, or skiing across open countryside rather than along roads or around a running track.
【搭配模式】：oft N n

She finished third in the world cross-country championships in Antwerp.她在安特卫普的世界越野锦标赛上获得了第3名。

2.ADJ 形容词 横越全国的;遍及全国的 A cross-country journey involves less important roads or railway lines, or takes you from one side of a country to the other.

Douglas was often cruelly tormented by jealous siblings.道格拉斯经常被嫉妒他的兄弟姐妹整得很惨。

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 (处境或事件)引起痛苦的，残酷的 A situation or event that is cruel is very harsh and causes people distress.

...struggling to survive in a cruel world with which they cannot cope...在一个难以应付的残酷世界里拼命求生
By a cruel irony, his horse came down on a flat part of the course.十分残酷而且极具讽刺意味的是，他的马在赛场的平地上摔倒了。cruelly


★☆☆ cruise ●●●○○

1.N-COUNT 可数名词 乘船游览;航游 A cruise is a holiday during which you travel on a ship or boat and visit a number of places.

He and his wife were planning to go on a world cruise...他和太太计划乘船环游世界。
The next stop on this cruise is likely to be in Cornwall.此次航游的下一站很可能是在康沃尔。


2.N-COUNT 可数名词 陷阱;圈套 If you describe a situation as a snare, you mean that it is a trap from which it is difficult to escape.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

Given data which are free from bias there are further snares to avoid in statistical work...即使数据本身不存在偏差在统计工作中仍需要避免其他陷阱。
Worldly success could prove a snare unless used for the good of others.若不用于为他人谋福祉，俗世的成功到头来不过是个枷锁而已。

3.VERB 动词 用陷阱(或罗网)捕捉 If someone snares an animal, they catch it using a snare.


2.ADJ 形容词 (指通常的称谓)所说的，所谓的 You use so-called to indicate that something is generally referred to by the name that you are about to use.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n

...a summit of the world's seven leading market economies, the so-called G-7...世界七大市场经济国家，即所谓的“七国集团”召开的一次峰会
She was one of the so-called Gang of Four.她是所谓的“四人帮”之一。



1.VERB 动词 （在拳击比赛中）以点数战胜 In boxing, if one boxer outpoints another, they win the match by getting more points than their opponent.
【语法信息】：V n

Kane won the world title in 1938 when he outpointed Jackie Durich.1938年，凯恩以点数击败杰基·杜里克，获得了世界拳王称号。




1.N-COUNT 可数名词 贸易站；前哨基地；（设在国外的）军事基地 An outpost is a small group of buildings used for trading or military purposes, either in a distant part of your own country or in a foreign country.
【搭配模式】：usu with supp

...a remote mountain outpost, linked to the outside world by the poorest of roads.靠一条崎岖艰险的山路与外界相连的偏远山区哨站



【语法信息】：be V-ed
【语法信息】：V n

Many people have been outraged by some of the things that have been said...其中的一些言论激怒了很多人。
Reports of torture and mass executions in Serbia's detention camps have outraged the world's religious leaders.关于塞尔维亚拘留营里动用酷刑并大肆处决的报道令全世界的宗教领袖义愤填膺。outraged

He is truly outraged about what's happened to him...这一遭遇实在让他满腔愤慨。

He stood in the narrow hallway just outside the door.他就站在门外狭窄的走廊里。Outside is also an adverb.

They heard voices coming from outside in the corridor...他们听到外面的走廊上有人说话。She heard the dog on the landing outside.她听到了外面楼梯平台上的狗叫声。

4.ADJ 形容词 外部（世界）的；外界的 When you talk about the outside world, you are referring to things that happen or exist in places other than your own home or community.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n

...a side of Morris's character she hid carefully from the outside world...莫里斯小心隐藏不让外人知晓的性格中的一面
It's important to have outside interests.培养一些业余爱好很重要。Outside is also an adverb.



14.PREP-PHRASE 短语介词 到处；遍及 All over a place means in every part of it.

...doctors who work all over the country.在全国各地工作的医生
...the letters she received from people all over the world.她收到的来自世界各地的信件

15.PHRASE 短语 在这边；到这边；在身处国 Over here means near you, or in the country you are in.


The cafe is just across the road over there...咖啡馆就在那边马路对面。
She'd married some American and settled down over there.她嫁给了一位美国人，并在那边定居了。

17. the world over→see: world;




1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 生产能力过剩 If there is overcapacity in a particular industry or area, more goods have been produced than are needed, and the industry is therefore less profitable than it could be.
【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商

There is huge overcapacity in the world car industry.世界汽车工业的生产能力严重过剩。



【语法信息】：V with n
【语法信息】：pl-n V
【搭配模式】：oft N between pl-n

Elizabeth met other Oxford intellectuals some of whom overlapped Naomi's world...伊丽莎白结识了其他一些牛津大学的学者，其中有几位娜奥米也认识。
Christian holy week overlaps with the beginning of the Jewish holiday of Passover...基督教的圣周与犹太教逾越节的头几天重叠。
The needs of patients invariably overlap...病人的需求总有一些是一致的。Their lifespans overlapped by six years.他们在世的时间有6年是交叉的。Overlap is also a noun.

★☆☆ overpopulation

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 人口过剩；人口过密 If there is a problem of overpopulation in an area, there are more people living there than can be supported properly.

...young persons who are concerned about overpopulation in the world.担心世界人口过剩的年轻人




1.N-VAR 可变名词 自命不凡；虚荣；矫饰 If you say that someone has pretensions, you disapprove of them because they claim or pretend that they are more important than they really are.
【语用信息】：disapproval

Her wide-eyed innocence soon exposes the pretensions of the art world...她的天真烂漫很快就暴露了艺术界的矫揉造作。
We like him for his honesty, his lack of pretension.我们喜欢他的诚实、不浮夸。

2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 声称；标榜；自称 If someone has pretensions to something, they claim to be or do that thing.
【搭配模式】：also N in pl

The city has unrealistic pretensions to world-class status...这个城市不切实际地标榜自己为国际都市。
It will remain as a pressure group, but no longer has any pretension to be a political party.它仍然是一个压力集团，但不再自称是一个政党。



——————————————
★☆☆ pre-war ●○○○○

1.ADJ 形容词 战前的；（尤指）第二次世界大战以前的 Pre-war is used to describe things that happened, existed, or were made in the period immediately before a war, especially the Second World War, 1939-45.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n



——————————————
★☆☆ prewar

1.ADJ 形容词 战前的；（尤指）第二次世界大战以前的 Pre-war is used to describe things that happened, existed, or were made in the period immediately before a war, especially the Second World War, 1939-45.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n



7.PHRASE 短语 首要地位；最重要的地位 If something takes pride of place, it is treated as the most important thing in a group of things.
【搭配模式】：PHR after v

A three-foot-high silver World Championship cup takes pride of place near a carved wooden chair...一个3英尺高的世界锦标赛银质奖杯放在一把木雕椅附近，位置非常显眼。
The manifesto gives pride of place to job creation.这项宣言将创造工作机会放在首位。


——————————————
★☆☆ primeval
in BRIT, also use 英国英语亦用 primaeval

1.ADJ 形容词 太古的；原始的；远古的 You use primeval to describe things that belong to a very early period in the history of the world.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式


——————————————
★☆☆ primordial

1.ADJ 形容词 原始的；远古的；人类最初的 You use primordial to describe things that belong to a very early time in the history of the world.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式


1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 贫困；贫乏；困苦 If you suffer privation or privations, you have to live without many of the things that are thought to be necessary in life, such as food, clothing, or comfort.
【搭配模式】：also N in pl
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

They endured five years of privation during the second world war...第二次世界大战期间，他们忍受了5年的贫困生活。
The privations of monastery life were evident in his appearance.从他的外表来看可以明显看出修道院生活的清贫。


【搭配模式】：ADV with cl/group
【语用信息】：vagueness

The White House probably won't make this plan public until July...白宫可能要等到7月份才会公开这个计划。
Van Gogh is probably the best-known painter in the world.凡·高可能是世界上最知名的画家。
...a new and probably highly dangerous development in the area.在这个地区最新的、可能也是非常危险的事态发展


1.VERB 动词 产生；引起；造成 To produce something means to cause it to happen.
【语法信息】：V n

The drug is known to produce side-effects in women...据悉，这种药会对女性产生副作用。
Talks aimed at producing a new world trade treaty have been under way for six years.旨在制定出一个新的世界贸易条约的谈判已经进行了6年。

2.VERB 动词 生产；出产 If you produce something, you make or create it.


2.N-COUNT 可数名词 生产商；制造商；生产国 A producer of a food or material is a company or country that grows or manufactures a large amount of it.

The estate is generally a producer of high quality wines.这片土地盛产优质葡萄酒。
...Saudi Arabia, the world's leading oil producer.沙特阿拉伯，世界主要的石油生产国



【搭配模式】：usu pl
【FIELD标签】：TECHNICAL 术语

Can you give me your co-ordinates?您能告诉我您的坐标吗？
...the latitude and longitude co-ordinates of any location in the world.世界各地的经纬坐标



★☆☆ copper ●●○○○

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 铜 Copper is reddish brown metal that is used to make things such as coins and electrical wires.

Chile is the world's largest producer of copper.智利是世界上最大的产铜国。
...a copper mine.铜矿


2.N-COUNT 可数名词 模仿者;好跟人学的人 If you call someone a copycat, you are accusing them of copying your behaviour, dress, or ideas.
【语用信息】：disapproval
【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

The Beatles have copycats all over the world.披头士乐队的模仿者遍布全世界。




...a sharp corner...急转弯
The road is a succession of hairpin bends, hills, and blind corners.这条路上急转弯、坡道和死拐角一个接一个。

6.N-COUNT 可数名词 (遥远或难以到达的)角落，偏远处 If you talk about the corners of the world, a country, or some other place, you are referring to places that are far away or difficult to get to.
【搭配模式】：with supp
【FIELD标签】：WRITTEN 笔语

Buyers came from all corners of the world...买主来自世界各地。
The group has been living in a remote corner of the Cambodian jungle.该部落一直居住在柬埔寨的丛林深处。


【语用信息】：disapproval

Take your time, don't cut corners and follow instructions to the letter.慢慢来，不要图省事，要严格按照说明去做。

15.PHRASE 短语 天涯海角;世界各个角落 You can use expressions such as the four corners of the world to refer to places that are a long way from each other.
【搭配模式】：PHR n
【FIELD标签】：WRITTEN 笔语

They've combed the four corners of the world for the best accessories...为了找到最好的配件，他们寻遍了每个地方。
Young people came from the four corners of the nation.全国各地的年轻人都来到这里。



——————————————
★☆☆ corporeal

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 物质的;有形的;实体的 Corporeal means involving or relating to the physical world rather than the spiritual world.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式


6.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 同情(别人)的;心软的 If you say that someone has a soft heart, you mean that they are sensitive and sympathetic towards other people.
【语用信息】：approval

Her rather tough and worldly exterior hides a very soft and sensitive heart.她那强硬而世故的外表下掩藏着一颗温柔而敏感的心。

7.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 (生活)轻松的，不费力气的 You use soft to describe a way of life that is easy and involves very little work.

7.PHRASE 短语 竭尽全力，鼓足劲头，处于良好的竞技状态(新闻用语，形容运动员) Journalists sometimes describe sports players as being on song when they are playing really well.
【搭配模式】：usu v-link PHR
【语域标签】：BRIT 英

Ward is not the most consistent of players, but when he is on song he looks a world-beater.沃德并不是发挥最稳定的球员，可是一旦进入状态，他似乎就是天下无敌的王者。



★☆☆ sophistication ●○○○○

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 (机器、方法的)精密，复杂，先进 The sophistication of machines or methods is their quality of being more advanced or complex than others.

...the sophistication of one of the world's richest cities...作为世界上最富庶的城市之一，它的精致和优雅…
Given the sophistication of modern machines, there is little that cannot be successfully washed at home.鉴于现代机器的先进程度，几乎没有什么东西是在家里洗不了的。



1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 商业主义;营利主义 Commercialism is the practice of making a lot of money from things without caring about their quality.
【语用信息】：disapproval

Koons has engrossed himself in a world of commercialism that most modern artists disdain.昆斯投身于商界，那是一个大部分现代艺术家所不齿的圈子。



1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 常见的;普遍的 If something is common, it is found in large numbers or it happens often.

His name was Hansen, a common name in Norway...他的名字叫汉森，在挪威是一个常见的名字。
Oil pollution is the commonest cause of death for seabirds...石油污染是造成海鸟死亡最常见的原因。
Earthquakes are not common in this part of the world...地震在这一带不常发生。It was common practice for prisoners to carve objects from animal bones to pass the time.用动物骨头雕刻物品是犯人打发时间的一种常见做法。commonly

Parsley is probably the most commonly used of all herbs.欧芹可能是用得最多的一种药草。

★☆☆ Communism

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 共产主义;共产主义信仰 Communism is the political belief that all people are equal and that workers should control the means of producing things.

...the ultimate triumph of communism in the world.共产主义在世界上最终的胜利



【语法信息】：Also V n into n

Traditionally men have compartmentalized their lives, never letting their personal lives encroach upon their professional lives.传统上男人把自己的生活划分清楚，他们不会让私生活影响其工作。compartmentalized

...the compartmentalised world of Japanese finance.被割裂开来的日本金融界



...a travel company specialising in amazingly competitive rates for flights.专门提供极优惠航班折扣的旅游公司competitively

...a number of early Martin and Gibson guitars, which were competitively priced.几把标价优惠的早期马丁吉他和吉布森吉他competitiveness

It is only on the world market that we can prove the competitiveness and quality of our goods.只有在世界市场上我们才能证明自身商品的竞争力和质量。



Forests vary greatly in composition from one part of the country to another.一个国家不同区域的森林在组成结构上存在很大的差异。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 (作曲家、画家等的)作品 The compositions of a composer, painter, or other artist are the works of art that they have produced.

Mozart's compositions are undoubtedly amongst the world's greatest.莫扎特的作品无疑位居世界上最伟大的作品之列。

3.N-COUNT 可数名词 (学生的)作文 A composition is a piece of written work that children write at school.

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 一连串相关联的事情；接二连三的相关事件 A concatenation of things or events is their occurrence one after another, because they are linked.
【搭配模式】：usu N of n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

...the Internet, the world's biggest concatenation of computing power.因特网，世界上最强大的计算机连接



【语法信息】：V n to n
【语法信息】：V n

Reiner, 56, has all but conceded the race to his rival...56岁的赖纳在比赛中几乎已经向对手认输了。
Alain Prost finished third and virtually conceded the world championship.阿兰·普罗斯特以第三名的成绩结束比赛，实际上已经将世界冠军的位置拱手让人。

6.VERB 动词 承认(失败);认(输) If you concede defeat, you accept that you have lost a struggle.


2.N-VAR 可变名词 集中;汇集 A concentration of something is a large amount of it or large numbers of it in a small area.
【搭配模式】：usu N of n

The area has one of the world's greatest concentrations of wildlife...这个地区是世界上野生动物最为密集的区域之一。
There's been too much concentration of power in the hands of central authorities.权力一直过多地集中在中央机构手中。


2.N-COUNT 可数名词 壮观的表演;盛大的演出 A spectacular is a show or performance which is very grand and impressive.
【搭配模式】：usu n N

...a television spectacular.一场电视盛宴
...one of the world's great sporting spectaculars.世界上最壮观的体育盛事之一



【搭配模式】：usu N of n

...the realities of life outside the government and academic spheres of society.政府和学术界以外社会阶层的生活现状

4.PHRASE 短语 (国家的)势力范围，影响所及的范围 A country's sphere of influence is an area of the world where it has a lot of influence.
【搭配模式】：sphere inflects


★☆☆ spiritual ●●●○○

1.ADJ 形容词 精神(上)的;心灵(上)的 Spiritual means relating to people's thoughts and beliefs, rather than to their bodies and physical surroundings.

She lived entirely by spiritual values, in a world of poetry and imagination.她追求精神上的满足，完全生活在一个诗歌和想象的世界里。spiritually

Our whole programme is spiritually oriented but not religious.我们的整个节目都是关注心灵的，但却不是宗教性的。spirituality


1.ADJ 形容词 与体育运动有关的;体育运动用的 Sporting means relating to sports or used for sports.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n

...major sporting events, such as Wimbledon and the World Cup finals.主要的体育赛事，如温布尔登网球赛及世界杯决赛
...a huge sporting goods store.大型体育用品商店



3.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 重要(性) The import of something is its importance.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

Who leads Canada is also of some import to the rest of the world...谁领导加拿大对世界来讲也具有一定的重要性。
Such arguments are of little import.这种争论没有什么意义。



2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 有声望的;有影响的;显要的 Someone who is important has influence or power within a society or a particular group.

He was the most important person on the island.他是岛上最有声望的人。
...an important figure in the media world.传媒界很有影响力的人物Usage Note :
You do not use important to say that an amount or quantity is very large. Instead, you use words such as large, considerable, or substantial. …a large sum of money. …a man with considerable influence… Britain's armed forces face substantial cuts.
形容数量、数额巨大用 large, considerable 或 substantial 等词，而不用 important: a large sum of money (一大笔钱), a man with considerable influence (有相当影响力的人), Britain's armed forces face substantial cuts (英国的武装部队面临大规模裁军)。

He did impressions of Sean Connery and James Mason.他对肖恩·康纳利和詹姆斯·梅森进行了滑稽模仿。

4.N-COUNT 可数名词 压痕;印痕;印记 An impression of an object is a mark or outline that it has left after being pressed hard onto a surface.

...the world's oldest fossil impressions of plant life.世界上最古老的植物化石印痕

5.PHRASE 短语 产生影响;起作用 If someone or something makes an impression, they have a strong effect on people or a situation.

【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

I incline to the view that he is right.我倾向于认为他是正确的。
...the factors which incline us towards particular beliefs...使我们倾向于相信某些特定信仰的因素
Many end up as team leaders, which inclines them to co-operate with the bosses...很多人最后成为团队领袖,这使得他们易于和上司合作。Those who fail incline to blame the world for their failure.那些失败者往往将他们的失败归咎于社会。

2.VERB 动词 点(头) If you incline your head, you bend your neck so that your head is leaning forward.

2.ADV 副词 （与push，move和forge等动词连用表示计划或组织等）进展迅速地 You use ahead with verbs such as 'push', 'move', and 'forge' to indicate that a plan, scheme, or organization is making fast progress.
【搭配模式】：ADV after v

We are moving ahead with plans to send financial aid...我们提供财政援助的计划进展顺利。
Now BBC World Television is forging ahead on its own.现在英国广播公司的全球电视节目正靠自己的力量稳步推进。

3.ADV 副词 超前地;超出预期地 If you are ahead in your work or achievements, you have made more progress than you expected to and are performing well.

1.VERB 动词 致力于;旨在;以…为目标 If you aim for something or aim to do something, you plan or hope to achieve it.
【语法信息】：V for/at n/-ing
【语法信息】：V to-inf

He is aiming for the 100 metres world record...他志在打破100米世界纪录。
Businesses will have to aim at long-term growth.企业必须以长期增长为目标。
...an appeal which aims to raise funds for children with special needs.旨在为有特殊需要的孩子筹集资金而发出的呼吁


1.N-COUNT 可数名词 空军 An air force is the part of a country's armed forces that is concerned with fighting in the air.

...the United States Air Force...美国空军
Jack Mann was a Royal Air Force fighter pilot during World War II.杰克·曼在第二次世界大战时期是英国皇家空军的战斗机飞行员。




1.N-COUNT 可数名词 机场 An airport is a place where aircraft land and take off, which has buildings and facilities for passengers.
【搭配模式】：oft in names

...Heathrow Airport, the busiest international airport in the world.希思罗机场，世界上最繁忙的国际机场




He felt alienated from his peers.他感觉和同僚疏远了。alienation

...the alienation of many from the political process...许多人与政治活动脱节
Her sense of alienation from the world disappeared.她与世界脱节的感觉消失了。



【搭配模式】：ADV prep/adv
【语用信息】：emphasis

He loves animals and he knows all about them...他热爱动物并且对它们了如指掌。
Parts for the aircraft will be made all round the world...这架飞机的部件将在世界各地制造。
I got scared and I ran and left her all alone...我一害怕就跑了，把她一个人扔下了。He was doing it all by himself...他独自一人在做那件事。All around he could hear people calling out his name.他听见人们在四周喊着他的名字。



15.N-PLURAL 复数名词 物质生活;精神生活 Things can refer to a particular aspect of life, such as the physical or spiritual aspect.
【搭配模式】：with supp

...a movement away from the things of this world to the things of the spirit...出世超凡
I think I'm more aware now of some spiritual things and I do believe in good and evil.我觉得我现在更加注重精神生活，而且我真的相信善恶报应。

16.N-COUNT 可数名词 (难以言表的)可怕的事情，怪事，恐怖的事情 You can refer to something that is too frightening, strange, or horrible to describe clearly as a thing .

...John W. Campbell, author of 'The Thing From Another World.'约翰·W.坎贝尔，《外星来客》的作者

17.N-SING 单数名词 流行的东西;时尚 If you say that something is the thing, you mean that it is fashionable or popular.


When she went off to see her parents for the weekend I thought nothing of it...她周末去看她的父母，我当时没觉得有什么特别的。
One of Tony's friends, David, kept coming to my house but I didn't think anything of it.托尼的朋友戴维经常来我家，不过我当时并没多想。

26. you can't hear yourself think→see: hear; to shudder to think→see: shudder; to think better of it→see: better; to think big→see: big; to think twice→see: twice; to think the world of someone→see: world; 相关词组：think back think out think over think through think up



★☆☆ thinker ●○○○○

1.N-COUNT 可数名词 思考者;(尤指)思想家 A thinker is a person who spends a lot of time thinking deeply about important things, especially someone who is famous for thinking of new or interesting ideas.

...some of the world's greatest thinkers.世界上一些最伟大的思想家



【搭配模式】：with poss

There was undeniably a strong theoretical dimension to his thinking.不可否认，他的思想很有理论深度。
...the direction of the ANC's thinking on the country's political future...非国大对于本国政治前景的认识方向
The thinking of economic bureaucrats tends to lag behind changes in world conditions.经济官员的思想往往跟不上世界局势的变化。

2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 思想;思维;思考 Thinking is the activity of using your brain by considering a problem or possibility or creating an idea.

...finding a 'Third Way' between communism and capitalism.在共产主义和资本主义之间寻求第三条道路


——————————————
★☆☆ Third World

1.N-PROPER 专有名词 第三世界;第三世界国家 The countries of Africa, Asia, and South America are sometimes referred to all together as the Third World, especially those parts that are poor, do not have much power, and are not considered to be highly developed.
【搭配模式】：the N

...development in the Third World.第三世界的发展
...Third World debt.第三世界国家的债务



【搭配模式】：usu sing

I can remember the thrill of not knowing what I would get on Christmas morning...我还记得自己不知道圣诞节早晨会得到什么礼物时内心有多么激动。
It's a great thrill for a cricket-lover like me to play at the home of cricket.对我这样的板球爱好者来说，能够在板球的故乡比赛是一件令人无比兴奋的事。
...the realization that new adventures, new thrills, and new worlds lie ahead.认识到前面有新的冒险，新的惊喜和新的世界

2.V-ERG 及物/不及物动词 (使)狂喜;(使)激动;(使)极度兴奋 If something thrills you, or if you thrill at it, it gives you a feeling of great pleasure and excitement.


13.PREP 介词 经历;度过 If you go through a particular experience or event, you experience it, and if you behave in a particular way through it, you behave in that way while it is happening.

Men go through a change of life emotionally just like women.男人和女人一样，也要在情绪上经历更年期。
...a humorous woman who had lived through two world wars in Paris...在巴黎经历过两次世界大战的幽默女人
Why was I putting myself through all this misery?...我为什么要如此自找苦吃啊？Through it all, Mark was outwardly calm.自始至终，马克表面上都显得很镇定。



——————————————
★☆☆ Christendom

1.N-PROPER 专有名词 基督教世界(指所有基督徒和基督教国家) All the Christian people and countries in the world can be referred to as Christendom .
【STYLE标签】：OLD-FASHIONED 过时


2.VERB 动词 对(女孩或妇女)行割礼;为…切除部分(或全部)阴蒂 In some cultures, if a girl or woman is circumcised, her clitoris is cut or cut off.
【语法信息】：be V-ed
【搭配模式】：usu passive

An estimated number of 90 to 100 million women around the world living today have been circumcised.当今世界上，约有9,000万到1亿的女性接受过割礼。circumcision

...a campaigner against female circumcision.反对妇女受割礼的活动家


——————————————
★☆☆ circumnavigate

1.VERB 动词 环绕(世界或岛屿)航行 If someone circumnavigates the world or an island, they sail all the way around it.
【语法信息】：V n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

Kite is undoubtedly a class player.凯特绝对是个一流选手。

10. See also: business class;first-class;second-class;third-class;top-class;world-class;

11.PHRASE 短语 出类拔萃的人物(指运动员、演奏者等) If you say that someone such as a sports player or a performer is a class act, you mean that they are very good at what they do.


1.ADJ 形容词 天真的;不懂世故的 If you describe someone as wide-eyed, you mean that they are inexperienced and innocent, and may be easily impressed.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

Her wide-eyed innocence soon exposes the pretensions of the art world.她的天真无邪很快就让艺术界的自命不凡显露无遗。
...a wide-eyed boy ready to explore.迫切想要探索这个世界的天真男孩



14.MODAL 情态动词 (与过去分词连用，表示相当肯定)会，将 You use will have with a past participle to indicate that you are fairly sure that something is the case.

If someone has been in captivity for a long time, he will have changed as a result of his experience...如果某人遭到长时间囚禁，他会因为他的经历而有所改变。
The holiday will have done him the world of good.假期定会对他大有好处。



3.N-COUNT 可数名词 (影响事件的)趋势（或因素）（常作新闻用语） Journalists often refer to a trend or factor that influences events as a wind of a particular kind.
【搭配模式】：N of n

The winds of change are blowing across the country...改革之风吹遍全国。
The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。

4.VERB 动词 使气急;使呼吸困难 If you are winded by something such as a blow, the air is suddenly knocked out of your lungs so that you have difficulty breathing for a short time.

4.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 沉闷的；阴郁的；暗淡的 If you describe a situation as grey, you mean that it is dull, unpleasant, or difficult.

Brazilians look gloomily forward to a New Year that even the president admits will be grey and cheerless.展望新年，巴西人心情沮丧，甚至连总统都承认明年困难重重，不容乐观。greyness

In this new world of greyness there is an attempt to remove all risks.身处这个前景暗淡的新世界，人们力图排除所有的风险。

5.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 单调乏味的；无特色的；不吸引人的 If you describe someone or something as grey, you think that they are boring and unattractive, and very similar to other things or other people.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

He survived in spite of suffering grievous injuries.尽管身受重伤，他还是活下来了。grievously

Nelson Piquet, three times world champion, was grievously injured.三度获得世界冠军的尼尔森·皮奎特受了重伤。




1.ADJ 形容词 （恐惧、指控、报道等）无理由的，无根据的 If you say that a fear, accusation, or story is groundless, you mean that it is not based on evidence and is unlikely to be true or valid.
【搭配模式】：usu v-link ADJ

Fears that the world was about to run out of fuel proved groundless...事实证明对于世界燃料即将耗尽的担忧毫无根据。
A ministry official described the report as groundless.一位部级官员称这篇报道纯属子虚乌有。


【语法信息】：V together
【语法信息】：Also V n prep

The fact sheets are grouped into seven sections...这些资料被分成了7部分。
The G-7 organization groups together the world's seven leading industrialized nations...七国集团将世界上7个最主要的工业国家归在一起。
We want to encourage them to group together to act as a big purchaser.我们想鼓励他们组成一个大的采购团。



——————————————
★☆☆ GSM

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 全球通；全球移动通讯系统 GSM is a digital mobile telephone system, used across Europe and in other parts of the world. GSM is an abbreviation for (缩略=) 'global system for mobile communication'.

There has been consistent growth in GSM mobile subscribers.全球通手机用户持续增长。

The Luxembourg-based satellite service is not bound by the same strict rules as the BBC...设在卢森堡的卫星服务公司无须像英国广播公司那样遵守严格的规定。
The authorities will be legally bound to arrest any suspects...当局负有逮捕所有疑犯的法律责任。
There is a bottom deck though, so you're not bound to sit on top...不过还有一个底舱，所以你不一定非得坐在顶层。The treaty binds them to respect their neighbour's independence.条约规定他们必须尊重其邻国的独立。bound

The world of advertising is obviously less bound by convention than the world of banking...显然，广告业比银行业更少受到惯例的束缚。
Few of them feel bound by any enduring loyalties.他们中几乎没有人觉得有义务要保持忠诚。


1.ADJ 形容词 两强对立的；两极的 Bipolar systems or situations are dominated by two strong and opposing opinions or elements.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式

...the bipolar world of the Cold War years.冷战期间的两极世界



★☆☆ bitter ●●●○○

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 激烈的；猛烈的；充满敌意的 In a bitter argument or conflict, people argue very angrily or fight very fiercely.

...the scene of bitter fighting during the Second World War.第二次世界大战期间激烈的战斗场面
...a bitter attack on the Government's failure to support manufacturing...对政府支持制造业不力的猛烈抨击
On the eve of the poll, campaigning was bitter.在投票前夕，竞选活动如火如荼。bitterly

Any such thing would be bitterly opposed by most of the world's democracies.任何类似的事情都会遭到全世界民主国家的强烈反对。
...a bitterly fought football match.激烈的足球赛bitterness


【语法信息】：V to n
【语法信息】：V pron-refl to n
【语法信息】：Also V

The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change...世界会变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。
They have had to adapt themselves to a war economy.他们不得不适应战时经济。



1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 足够的；合格的；可用的 If something is adequate, there is enough of it or it is good enough to be used or accepted.
【搭配模式】：oft ADJ to-inf

One in four people worldwide are without adequate homes...全世界有1/4的人没有个像样的家。
The old methods weren't adequate to meet current needs...老一套方法已不足以满足当前的需要。
The western diet should be perfectly adequate for most people.西方的日常饮食应该完全适合于大多数人。adequately


5.VERB 动词 采用（语气、口音等） If you adopt an accent or a particular tone of voice, you speak differently from normal, especially to create an effect in a particular situation.
【语法信息】：V n

He has adopted the accent of a Second World War newscaster...他承袭了二战时期播音员的口音。
The girl was uncertain what to do, or what tone of voice to adopt.女孩不知道该做什么，也不知道该用什么口气说。


6.VERB 动词 获取，赢得，捧走(奖金或奖项) If you scoop a prize or award, you win it.
【语法信息】：V n
【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

...films which scooped awards around the world.在全世界赢得各种奖项的影片

7.ADJ 形容词 (衣领)汤匙式的，大圆领的 If something such as a dress has a scoop neck or a scooped neck, the neck has the shape of a wide, deep curve at the front.


2.VERB 动词 使痛苦;危害;折磨 If something scourges a place or group of people, it causes great pain and suffering to people.
【语法信息】：V n

Economic anarchy scourged the post-war world.经济混乱使得战后的世界陷入水深火热之中。



【搭配模式】：usu pl
【语用信息】：disapproval
【FIELD标签】：mainly JOURNALISM 主新闻

The world is full of scribblers. I don't intend to join their ranks.这个世上净是些蹩脚文人。我不想与他们为伍。




1.N-COUNT 可数名词 排练;演习 If you have a dry run, you practise something to make sure that you are ready to do it properly.
【搭配模式】：oft N for n

The competition is planned as a dry run for the World Cup finals.这场比赛计划作为世界杯决赛阶段的热身赛。




1.N-VAR 可变名词 双重性;二元性 A duality is a situation in which two opposite ideas or feelings exist at the same time.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

We live in a world of duality, day and night, positive and negative, male and female, etc.我们生活在一个二元对立的世界：昼和夜,正和负,男和女等等。



【语法信息】：V n n
【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

...the man whom the Labour opposition dubbed as the 'no change Prime Minister'...被工党反对派戏称为“不变首相”的男人
At the height of her career, Orson Welles dubbed her 'the most exciting woman in the world'.奥森·韦尔斯把处在事业巅峰的她戏称为“世上最令人兴奋的女人”。

2.VERB 动词 为(影片等)配音;译制 If a film or soundtrack in a foreign language is dubbed, a new soundtrack is added with actors giving a translation.

7.VERB 动词 (通常指为占领海外市场)倾销,抛售 If a firm or company dumps goods, it sells large quantities of them at prices far below their real value, usually in another country, in order to gain a bigger market share or to keep prices high in the home market.
【语法信息】：V n
【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商

It produces more than it needs, then dumps its surplus onto the world market.当产量超过需求时,过剩的产品便倾销到世界市场。

8.VERB 动词 与…断绝关系;与…结束关系 If you dump someone, you end your relationship with them.

...the republic's external borders.该共和国与外国的边界externally

...protecting the value of the mark both internally and externally.维持马克在国内外的币值

3.ADJ 形容词 外界的;外部的 External means happening or existing in the world in general and affecting you in some way.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n



——————————————
★☆☆ extinct ●○○○○

1.ADJ 形容词 灭绝的;绝种的 A species of animal or plant that is extinct no longer has any living members, either in the world or in a particular place.

It is 250 years since the wolf became extinct in Britain.狼在英国已经灭绝250年了。


2.ADJ 形容词 （某类劳动者、生活方式或活动）不复存在的，废除了的 If a particular kind of worker, way of life, or type of activity is extinct, it no longer exists, because of changes in society.

If the current trend continues, black farmers in the United States may be extinct by the end of this decade...如果当前趋势继续发展下去，美国的黑人农民将在这个十年末不复存在。
Herbalism had become an all but extinct skill in the Western world.草药医术在西方已经成了一门几乎绝迹的技艺。

3.ADJ 形容词 （火山）死的 An extinct volcano is one that does not erupt or is not expected to erupt any more.

【搭配模式】：V inflects

The first sight that met my eyes on reaching the front door was the church enveloped in flames.赶到前门时，我第一眼看到的就是被大火吞没的教堂。

29.PHRASE 短语 所有目光都聚集在…上；所有人都在关注 If you say that all eyes are on something or that the eyes of the world are on something, you mean that everyone is paying careful attention to it and what will happen.
【搭配模式】：V inflects
【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

All eyes will be on tomorrow's vote...所有目光都将聚集在明天的投票上。
The eyes of the world were now on the police.这时所有的目光都聚焦在警方。

30.PHRASE 短语 注视；密切注意 If someone has their eye on you, they are watching you carefully to see what you do.


33.PHRASE 短语 使…看清楚；使…恍然大悟 If something opens your eyes, it makes you aware that something is different from the way that you thought it was.
【搭配模式】：V inflects

Watching your child explore the world about her can open your eyes to delights long forgotten.看着孩子探索她身边的世界能让你体会到早已忘记的快乐。

34.PHR-RECIP 相互短语 与…看法一致 If you see eye to eye with someone, you agree with them and have the same opinions and views.


All the time Stephen was lying face down and unconscious in the bath tub...斯蒂芬一直脸朝下趴在浴缸里，不省人事。
Charles laid down his cards face up.查尔斯将手中的牌摊了出来。

12.PHRASE 短语 (表示强调或夸张)全世界 You can use the expression 'on the face of the earth' to mean 'in the whole world', when you are emphasizing a statement that you are making or making a very exaggerated statement.
【搭配模式】：n PHR
【语用信息】：emphasis

【搭配模式】：ADJ n

Caroline made a faint attempt at a laugh...卡罗琳敷衍地笑了一下。
A faint smile crossed the Monsignor's face and faded quickly...一丝敷衍的微笑从那位大人脸上掠过，很快就消失了。
Ten years ago today the US Center for Disease Control published the first faint warnings of a worldwide epidemic.10年前的今天，美国疾病控制中心敷衍其事地发出了第一份警告：一场世界范围的流行病可能会出现。faintly

John smiled faintly and shook his head.约翰微微笑了笑，摇了摇头。


1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 (态度或做事的)公道，公平 If you refer to someone's attitude or behaviour as fair play, you approve of it because it shows respect and sympathy towards everyone, even towards people who are thought to be wrong or to deserve punishment.
【语用信息】：approval

...a legal system that is unmatched anywhere in the world for its justice and sense of fair play.因其公正公平而举世无双的法律制度



【语法信息】：V P
【语法信息】：V P with n

Why should I struggle on to please my parents?...为什么我要强装笑颜取悦我的父母？
The rest of the world struggles on with its perpetual problems, poverty and debt.世界上其他国家仍在苦苦同永恒的贫困和债务问题作斗争。




——————————————
★☆☆ sturgeon

1.N-VAR 可变名词 鲟 A sturgeon is a large fish which lives in northern parts of the world. Sturgeon are usually caught for their eggs, which are known as caviar.




2.VERB 动词 沉浸;陷入;埋头于 If you submerge yourself in an activity, you give all your attention to it and do not think about anything else.
【语法信息】：V pron-refl in n

He submerges himself in the world of his imagination.他沉浸在自己想象的世界中。




1.VERB 动词 资助;补助;给…发津贴 If a government or other authority subsidizes something, they pay part of the cost of it.
【语法信息】：V n

Around the world, governments have subsidized the housing of middle and upper-income groups...全世界各国政府都为中高收入群体提供过住房补贴。
At the moment they are existing on pensions that are subsidised by the government.此刻他们正依靠政府发放的养老金维持生计。subsidized


7.VERB 动词 和…谈恋爱 When a man romances a woman, he has a love affair with her.
【语法信息】：V n
【FIELD标签】：JOURNALISM 新闻

He has romanced some of the world's most eligible women.他已经和一些非常适合结婚的女人谈过恋爱了。

8.ADJ 形容词 罗曼语系的（由拉丁语演变而成的语言，如法语、西班牙语、意大利语等） Romance languages are languages such as French, Spanish, and Italian, which come from Latin.


3.PREP 介词 在…各处;遍及;在…附近 You use round to say that something happens in or relates to different parts of a place, or is near a place.

He happens to own half the land round here...他恰好拥有这里一半的土地。
I think he has earned the respect of leaders all round the world...我想他已经赢得了世界各国领导人的尊重。
She's been on at me for weeks to show her round the stables...她已经跟我唠叨了好几个星期，让我带她到马厩转转。They need some way of getting round the country.他们需要一种交通工具来周游全国。Round is also an adverb.


【语法信息】：V n
【STYLE标签】：LITERARY 文

...roving about the town in the dead of night and seeing something peculiar...夜深人静时在小镇游走，看见一些怪异的景象
She became a photographer, roving the world with her camera in her hand.她成了一个摄影师，拿着相机周游世界。

2.VERB 动词 (眼睛)环视，扫视 If you say that someone's eyes rove round a place, you mean that they are looking around to see what is interesting.


Jackson was the winner for a second successive year...杰克逊已经是连续第二年获胜了。
Britain was suffering from the failure of successive governments to co-ordinate a national transport policy.接连几届政府都没能协调出一个全国性的交通运输政策，英国因此而深受其苦。successively

He successively won the British, European and World championships.他一口气拿下了英国、欧洲和世界冠军。
...the successively higher levels of unemployment we have endured during the past three recessions.在过去三次大萧条中我们所经历的持续上涨的失业率


【语域标签】：AM 美

He took off for the city on the eight-lane superhighway.他沿着八车道的高速公路向城市驶去。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 信息高速公路 The information superhighway is the network of computer links that enables computer users all over the world to communicate with each other.
【FIELD标签】：COMPUTING 计算机



2.N-COUNT 可数名词 最高级别;最佳 If someone uses superlatives to describe something, they use adjectives and expressions which indicate that it is extremely good.
【搭配模式】：usu pl

...a spectacle which has critics world-wide reaching for superlatives.世界各地的评论家们都极尽溢美之词夸赞不已的盛况

3.ADJ 形容词 (形容词或副词)最高级的 In grammar, the superlative form of an adjective or adverb is the form that indicates that something has more of a quality than anything else in a group. For example, 'biggest' is the superlative form of 'big'.


2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 (对某事)简略的表达方式 You can use shorthand to mean a quick or simple way of referring to something.
【搭配模式】：also a N

'Third World' is an abstraction, a form of shorthand...“第三世界”是个抽象概念，是一种简称。
The fiction that 'he' is a neutral shorthand for 'he or she' is no longer acceptable to many.认为“他”是“他或她”的中性简称的这种说法，很多人已不再接受。


6.N-COUNT 可数名词 尝试;努力 If you have a shot at something, you attempt to do it.
【搭配模式】：usu sing
【语域标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

The heavyweight champion will be given a shot at Holyfield's world title.这名重量级拳击冠军将尝试挑战霍利菲尔德的世界冠军头衔。

7.N-COUNT 可数名词 (药品等的)注射 A shot of a drug is an injection of it.

【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off...如果你被解雇，你的医疗和养老保险金不会自动中断。
Should you buy a home from Lovell, the company promises to buy it back at the same price after three years...如果你从洛弗尔公司买房子，该公司承诺3年后以同样的价格再购回。
Should Havelock become the first Englishman to retain his world title, he will be the last to do so under the present system.如果哈夫洛克成为第一个保住世界冠军头衔的英国人，那么在现有体制下他也将会是最后一个做到这一点的英国人。

8.MODAL 情态动词 (用在由 that引导的从句中，放在某些动词、名词和形容词之后，表示将来的事件或情况)应该，能够，竟然会 You use should in 'that' clauses after certain verbs, nouns, and adjectives when you are talking about a future event or situation.

15.VERB 动词 放映;播出 If someone shows a film or television programme, it is broadcast or appears on television or in the cinema.
【语法信息】：V n
【语法信息】：V

The BBC World Service Television news showed the same film clip...英国广播公司对外电视频道的新闻节目播放了同样的电影剪辑片段。
The drama will be shown on American TV next year...明年这部剧将在美国电视台播出。
American films are showing at Moscow's cinemas.美国电影正在莫斯科各影院上映。showing

★☆☆ sought-after ●○○○○

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 (因稀有或质优而)受欢迎的，吃香的 Something that is sought-after is in great demand, usually because it is rare or of very good quality.

An Olympic gold medal is the most sought-after prize in world sport.在世界体坛上，一枚奥运会金牌是最令人向往的奖项。




6.VERB 动词 发出(警告等);(以…语调)发表 If you sound a warning, you publicly give it. If you sound a note of caution or optimism, you say publicly that you are cautious or optimistic.
【语法信息】：V n

The Archbishop of Canterbury has sounded a warning to Europe's leaders on third world debt...坎特伯雷大主教就第三世界的债务问题向欧洲的领导人发出了警告。
Others consider the move premature and have sounded a note of caution...其他人认为采取这个行动为时尚早，对此提出了警告。
Sir Patrick attempted to sound a positive note, describing the meeting as serving a useful purpose.帕特里克爵士极力释放出一种积极的论调，称此次会议是很有用的。

5.V-ERG 及物/不及物动词 (使)(友谊、局势、态度等)变坏;(使)恶化 If a friendship, situation, or attitude sours or if something sours it, it becomes less friendly, enjoyable, or hopeful.
【语法信息】：V n
【语法信息】：V

If anything sours the relationship, it is likely to be real differences in their world-views...如果有什么东西能够破坏这种关系的话，那可能就是他们世界观方面存在的实质性差异。
Her mood soured a little.她的心情有点差。


【语法信息】：V-ed
【语法信息】：Also V from n
【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商

Together they travel the world, sourcing clothes for the small, privately owned company...他们一道走遍世界各地，为那家私营小公司寻觅服装货源。
About 60 per cent of an average car is sourced from outside of the manufacturer.一辆普通汽车上大约有60%的部件是由制造商以外的其他供应商提供的。
...furniture sourced from all over the world.来自世界各地的家具sourcing

The union is particularly concerned at the sourcing of products abroad.该联盟尤其关注海外的产品货源。

...the states of Mississippi and South Carolina.密西西比州与南卡罗来纳州

7.ADJ 形容词 (风)来自南方的 A south wind is a wind that blows from the south.

8.N-SING 单数名词 南方国家(指世界上较贫穷、欠发达的国家) The South is used to refer to the poorer, less developed countries of the world.
【搭配模式】：the N


★☆☆ space-age
——————————————
★☆☆ space age

1.N-SING 单数名词 太空时代;航空时代 The space age is the present period in the history of the world, when travel in space has become possible.
【搭配模式】：the N



——————————————
★☆☆ arctic ●○○○○

1.N-PROPER 专有名词 北极；北极地区 The Arctic is the area of the world around the North Pole. It is extremely cold and there is very little light in winter and very little darkness in summer.
【搭配模式】：the N



——————————————
★☆☆ Arctic Circle

1.N-PROPER 专有名词 北极圈 The Arctic Circle is an imaginary line drawn around the northern part of the world at approximately 66° North.
【搭配模式】：the N



——————————————
★☆☆ area ●●●●●

1.N-COUNT 可数名词 地区;区域 An area is a particular part of a town, a country, a region, or the world.

...the large number of community groups in the area...该地区大量的社团

★☆☆ arena ●●○○○

1.N-COUNT 可数名词 运动场；竞技场；体育场 An arena is a place where sports, entertainments, and other public events take place. It has seats around it where people sit and watch.

...the largest indoor sports arena in the world.世界上最大的室内体育场

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 活动领域;舞台 You can refer to a field of activity, especially one where there is a lot of conflict or action, as an arena of a particular kind.


——————————————
★☆☆ Armageddon

1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 （会导致世界或人类毁灭的）大决战；善恶大决战 Armageddon is a terrible battle or war that some people think will lead to the total destruction of the world or the human race.




2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 装甲部队（作战中使用的坦克等军用车辆的总称） Armour consists of tanks and other military vehicles used in battle.
【FIELD标签】：MILITARY 军

...the biggest movement of heavy British armour since the Second World War.二战以来规模最大的英国重型装甲部队调动

3.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 （车辆的）装甲，铁甲，装甲钢板 Armour is a hard, usually metal, covering that protects a vehicle against attack.


1.N-COUNT 可数名词 攀登;上升;升高 An ascent is an upward journey, especially when you are walking or climbing.
【搭配模式】：oft N of n

In 1955 he led the first ascent of Kangchenjunga, the world's third highest mountain.他于1955年带队首攀世界第三高峰——干城章嘉峰。

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 上坡路；上坡 An ascent is an upward slope or path, especially when you are walking or climbing.

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 尖刻的;刻薄的;尖锐讥讽的 Mordant humour is very critical and often mocks someone or something.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

A wicked, mordant sense of humour has come to the fore in Blur's world.布勒的世界里已出现了一种恶意、刻薄的幽默感。




9.PHRASE 短语 正在发生;在进行中;即将发生 If a process or event is in motion, it is happening. If it is set in motion, it is happening or beginning to happen.
【搭配模式】：usu v-link PHR

His job as England manager begins in earnest now his World Cup campaign is in motion...现在世界杯足球赛的征战工作已经展开，而他作为英格兰队主教练的工作也真正开始了。
Her sharp, aggressive tone set in motion the events that led to her downfall.她那咄咄逼人的尖锐语调拉开了导致她垮台的事件的序幕。


His prayer moved me to tears.他的祈祷把我感动得热泪盈眶。moved

Those who listened to him were deeply moved.听众都被他深深打动了。

15.VERB 动词 活跃，出入，涉足(于某团体、领域或圈子) If you say that someone moves in a particular society, circle, or world, you mean that they know people in a particular social class or group and spend most of their time with them.
【语法信息】：V in n

She moves in high-society circles in London...她时常出入伦敦的上流社会。
They moved in a world where hostility to racists was natural.他们出没在一个对种族主义者的敌视习以为常的世界里。

16.VERB 动词 (在会议上)提出(动议) At a meeting, if you move a motion, you formally suggest it so that everyone present can vote on it.

3.PHRASE 短语 推动力；起激励作用的人(或事) The moving spirit or moving force behind something is the person or thing that caused it to start and to keep going, or that influenced people to take part in it.
【搭配模式】：oft PHR behind/in n

She alone must have been the moving spirit behind the lawsuit that lost me my position...肯定是她一个人主使了让我丢掉职位的诉讼。
Professor Krauss has been a moving force in the world of academic art criticism.克劳斯教授已成为学院艺术批评界的领军人物。




2.N-COUNT 可数名词 （尤指旅行中的）短暂休息，歇脚 A pit stop is a brief stop for rest and food, especially when you are on a journey.
【语域标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

They went around the world in a week without a pit stop.他们用一周时间环绕了世界，中途没有一刻停留。




5.PHR with cl 不幸的是；遗憾的是 If you add more's the pity to a comment, you are expressing your disappointment or regret about something.
【语用信息】：feelings

But my world isn't your world, more's the pity.可惜的是，我们是两个世界的人。

6.PHRASE 短语 （尤在恼怒或不快时用于强调）行行好，发发慈悲吧 You can say for pity's sake to add emphasis to what you are saying, especially when you are annoyed or upset.

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 （制度、方法或设计）先进的 An advanced system, method, or design is modern and has been developed from an earlier version of the same thing.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

Without more training or advanced technical skills, they'll lose their jobs.没有进一步的培训或高级技能的话，他们就会丢掉工作。
...the most advanced optical telescope in the world.世界上最先进的光学望远镜

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 （国家）先进的，发达的 A country that is advanced has reached a high level of industrial or technological development.


2.VERB 动词 （疾病）侵袭，感染 If a disease affects someone, it causes them to become ill.
【语法信息】：V n

Arthritis is a crippling disease which affects people all over the world.关节炎是一种会危害全人类健康的致残性疾病。

3.VERB 动词 （感情上）打动，震动，使悲伤（或怜悯） If something or someone affects you, they make you feel a strong emotion, especially sadness or pity.

【搭配模式】：oft with poss
【STYLE标签】：FORMAL 正式

...twelve companies, including three affiliates of a Texas oil firm...12家公司，包括得克萨斯一家石油公司的3家分公司
The World Chess Federation has affiliates in around 120 countries.国际象棋联合会在大约120个国家设有分支机构。

2.VERB 动词 隶属于;并入 If an organization affiliates to or with another larger organization, it forms a close connection with the larger organization or becomes a member of it.


1.N-COUNT 可数名词 后效；事后影响；副作用；后遗症 The after-effects of an event, experience, or substance are the conditions which result from it.
【搭配模式】：usu pl

...people still suffering from the after-effects of the world's worst nuclear accident...仍然因世界上最严重的核事故留下的种种后果而饱受折磨的人们
He was suffering from shock as well as the after-effects of drugs.他在受着毒品毒副作用影响的同时还出现了休克。



You are buying direct, rather than through an agent.你这是直接购买，而不是通过代理人。
...a written declaration by someone, authorizing another person to act as his agent.一份某人授权他人为其代理人的书面申明

2.N-COUNT 可数名词 （艺术领域的）代理人，经纪人 An agent in the arts world is a person who gets work for an actor or musician, or who sells the work of a writer to publishers.

3.N-COUNT 可数名词 间谍；特务 An agent is a person who works for a country's secret service.


4.N-COUNT 可数名词 动力;媒介;因素;工具 If you refer to someone or something as the agent of a particular effect, you mean that they cause this effect.
【搭配模式】：N of n

In many societies young men regard themselves as highly active, the agents of change, shapers of the world.在许多社会中，年轻人将自己看成是高度活跃的分子，是变革的推动者和世界的塑造者。

5.N-COUNT 可数名词 （化学）剂;作用剂 A chemical that has a particular effect or is used for a particular purpose can be referred to as a particular kind of agent.


Washington would not take such a step without its allies' approval...没有盟国的同意，华盛顿将不会采取这样一种行动。
The United States is a close ally of South Korea.美国是韩国的亲密盟友。

2.N-PLURAL 复数名词 （第二次世界大战时的）同盟国 The Allies were the armed forces that fought against Germany and Japan in the Second World War.
【搭配模式】：the N


3.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 孤苦伶仃的;无依无靠的；孤单的 If you say that you are alone or feel alone, you mean that nobody who is with you, or nobody at all, cares about you.
【搭配模式】：v-link ADJ

Never in her life had she felt so alone, so abandoned...她一生中从来没有感到如此孤单，如此无助。
He found himself alone in a hostile world.他感到自己处在一个充满敌意的环境中，孤立无援。

4.ADV 副词 仅仅;只 You say that one person or thing alone does something when you are emphasizing that only one person or thing is involved.


Newcastle is far from alone. Colleges around the country have developed programmes of student support...远不止是纽卡斯尔，全国的许多大学都推出了助学项目。
Am I alone in thinking that this scandal should finish his career?只有我认为这件丑闻会断送他的事业吗？Alone is also an adverb.

Alone among the major candidates, Gaviria expressed a determination to continue the campaign to defeat the drugs cartels...在主要的候选人中，只有加维里亚一人坚决表示要继续打击药品同业联盟。I alone was sane, I thought, in a world of crazy people.我认为，在一群疯子的世界里只有我自己是理性的。

7.ADV 副词 独力;单独 When someone does something alone, they do it without help from other people.

【语法信息】：Also V pl-n

The firm has amalgamated with an American company...该公司和一家美国公司合并了。
The chemical companies had amalgamated into a vast conglomerate...那些化学品公司已经合并成一个庞大的企业集团。
The Visitors' Centre amalgamates the traditions of the Old World with the technology of the New.来宾中心将欧洲的传统与美洲的技术结合在一起。amalgamation

Athletics South Africa was formed by an amalgamation of two organisations.南非体育协会由两个组织合并而成。

Zaire's national conference on democracy ended ambiguously.扎伊尔关于民主的全国大会结束了，但未有结果。

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 暧昧不清的；不协调的；捉摸不定的 If you describe something as ambiguous, you mean that it contains several different ideas or attitudes that do not fit well together.

Students have ambiguous feelings about their role in the world.学生们对于自己在这个世界上的角色认识模糊不清。




1.N-COUNT 可数名词 梦想；理想 If you have an ambition to do or achieve something, you want very much to do it or achieve it.
【搭配模式】：oft N to-inf

His ambition is to sail round the world...他的梦想是环球航行。
He harboured ambitions of becoming a Tory MP.他梦想成为托利党下院议员。


2.VERB 动词 增强；加强 To amplify something means to increase its strength or intensity.
【语法信息】：V n

The mist had been replaced by a kind of haze that seemed to amplify the heat...薄雾散了，取而代之的是一种似乎更添酷热的烟霭。
Her anxiety about the world was amplifying her personal fears about her future.她对世界的忧虑加剧了她对自己未来的恐惧。amplification

...that amplification of the elements in his character that made him able to dominate her.他性格中的某些因素不断强化使他得以主宰她


2.N-COUNT 可数名词 (尤指政府外交政策的)正式声明 A doctrine is a statement of official government policy, especially foreign policy.
【语域标签】：AM 美

Following World War II, the first U.S. commitment to Europe came in the form of the 1947 Truman Doctrine.二战后，美国对欧洲作出的第一个承诺便是在 1947 年提出杜鲁门主义。



【语域标签】：BRIT 英
【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL 非正式

He was a bit of a dodgy character.他有点儿不老实。
...cash made in dodgy underworld deals.从不正当的黑道交易中赚得的钱

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 冒险的;危险的;不可靠的 If you say that something is dodgy, you mean that it seems rather risky, dangerous, or unreliable.


Many writers at this time held rigidly dogmatic views...这时期有很多作家固执己见。
The regime is dogmatic, and no one dares to express personal opinions.该政权很专制，没有人敢表达个人意见。dogmatically

He applies the Marxist world view dogmatically to all social phenomena.他将马克思主义的世界观教条地应用到所有的社会现象中去。



1.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 末日;灾难日 Doomsday is a day or time when you expect something terrible or unpleasant is going to happen.

...the doomsday scenario of civil war between the two factions.两个派系之间的内战可能会带来世界末日般的灾难

2.N-PROPER 专有名词 (基督教) 世界末日，最后审判日 In the Christian religion, Doomsday is the last day of the world, on which God will judge everyone.


——————————————
★☆☆ doomsday cult

1.N-COUNT 可数名词 世界末日教(相信世界即将灭亡的宗教团体) A doomsday cult is a religious cult whose members believe that the world is about to end.
【FIELD标签】：mainly JOURNALISM 主新闻


1.ADJ 形容词 固定的;不变的 You use fixed to describe something which stays the same and does not or cannot vary.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

They issue a fixed number of shares that trade publicly...他们发行一定数量的可公开交易的股票。
...a world without fixed laws...没有固定法规的世界
Tickets will be printed with fixed entry times...票面上将印有固定的入场时间。Many restaurants offer fixed-price menus.很多餐馆都提供价格固定的菜单。


【语法信息】：be V-ed prep/adv
【语法信息】：Also V n prep/adv

They had told their offices to flash the news as soon as it broke...他们已经告诉各办公室，一有消息立即发布。
This is, of course, international news and soon it was being flashed around the world.当然，这是国际性新闻，很快就会传到世界各地。

9.VERB 动词 瞥(一眼);投之(一笑) If you flash a look or a smile at someone, you suddenly look at them or smile at them.

【语法信息】：V P to n
【语法信息】：Also V P

His mind kept flashing back to the previous night...他脑中不断回想起头天晚上发生的事。
Thoughts inevitably flash back to 1914, when trouble in this part of the Balkans led all the way to world war.这难免会令人想起1914年，那年巴尔干半岛上这一地区的动荡最终引发了世界大战。相关词组：flash back



2.VERB 动词 躲避;回避;不愿意做 If you flinch from something unpleasant, you are unwilling to do it or think about it, or you avoid doing it.
【语法信息】：V
【语法信息】：V from n

The world community should not flinch in the face of this challenge...国际社会在面对这一挑战时不应该回避。
He has never flinched from harsh financial decisions.在艰难的财政决策面前他从没有退缩过。


【语法信息】：V
【语法信息】：V n
【搭配模式】：usu N of n

The industrial revolution which started a couple of hundred years ago in Europe is now spreading across the world.两百多年前始于欧洲的工业革命目前正在向全世界传播。
...the sense of fear spreading in residential neighborhoods...在住宅小区中蔓延的恐惧感
He was fed-up with the lies being spread about him.关于自己的流言蜚语满天乱飞，他实在受够了。Spread is also a noun.

1.PHRASAL VERB 短语动词 勇敢面对(问题、人或形势) If you square up to a problem, person, or situation, you accept that you have to deal with them and take action to do so.
【语法信息】：V P
【语法信息】：V P to n

The world's most prestigious insurance company was last night squaring up to take on MPs who have accused it of being riddled with corruption.世界上最负盛名的保险公司昨晚作出回应，要和那些指责其腐败泛滥的议员们较量一番。
...a woman facing serious responsibility, squaring up to the deepest crisis she has yet had to face.这个女人面对着重大的责任，勇敢地应对她所遇到的这场最严重的危机



1.PHRASE 短语 处于危险境地;处于成败关头 If something is at stake, it is being risked and might be lost or damaged if you are not successful.

The tension was naturally high for a game with so much at stake...对于一场成败攸关的比赛来说气氛自然非常紧张。
At stake is the success or failure of world trade talks...世界贸易谈判正处于成败的重要关头。
At stake are more than 20,000 jobs in Britain's aerospace sector.英国航天部门 2 万多人面临失业的危险。


7.PHRASE 短语 提出权利要求;主张权利 If you stake a claim, you say that something is yours or that you have a right to it.
【搭配模式】：V inflects

Jane is determined to stake her claim as an actress...简决心主张自己作为一名女演员的权利。
Baguet's success staked his claim for a place in Belgium's world championship team.巴古埃特的成功使他有资格成为比利时世界锦标赛参赛队伍中的一员。相关词组：stake out




33.PHRASE 短语 专心做；努力做 If you put your mind to something, you start making an effort to do it.
【搭配模式】：V and N inflect

You could do fine in the world if you put your mind to it.如果认真去做，任何事都可以做好。

34.PHRASE 短语 使想起，使联想起(类似或相关的事) If something puts you in mind of something else, it reminds you of it because it is similar to it or is associated with it.

【语法信息】：V-ed
【搭配模式】：usu passive

The pit is being shut down because it no longer has enough coal that can be mined economically.这座煤矿即将关闭，因为从经济上考虑，矿井里已经没有足够的煤可供开采。
...the finest gems, mined from all corners of the world.从世界各地采掘来的最精美的宝石

3.N-COUNT 可数名词 地雷;水雷 A mine is a bomb which is hidden in the ground or in water and which explodes when people or things touch it.

1.VERB 动词 对…使用不当;错用;误用 If resources or efforts are misdirected, they are used in the wrong way or for the wrong purposes.
【语法信息】：be V-ed
【搭配模式】：usu passive

Many of the aid projects in the developing world have been misdirected in the past.过去，许多对发展中国家的援助计划没有得到合理实施。misdirected

...a misdirected effort to mollify the bishop.试图安抚主教的白费力气的做法

【语法信息】：V n

It's a pity Makku and I had to miss our lesson last week...很遗憾我和马库上周不得不缺课。
You won't be missing much on TV tonight apart from the usual repeats...除了通常的重播节目，今晚的电视节目你不会错过多少的。
'Are you coming to the show?' — 'I wouldn't miss it for the world.'“你会去看演出吗？”——“我说什么都不会错过的。”

10.PHRASE 短语 决定不做;决定不参加 If you give something a miss, you decide not to do it or not to go to it.

【语法信息】：V P n (not pron)
【语法信息】：Also V n P
【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS 商

A British newspaper says British Airways plan to take over Trans World Airways.一家英国报纸称，英国航空公司计划接管环球航空公司。

2.PHRASAL VERB 短语动词 (武力)占领，接管，控制 If someone takes over a country or building, they get control of it by force, for example with the help of the army.

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词 关系不大的;不直接相干的 If you describe something as tangential, you mean that it has only a slight or indirect connection with the thing you are concerned with, and is therefore not worth considering seriously.
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

Too much time was spent discussing tangential issues...太多的时间花在了讨论那些无关紧要的问题上。
They thought the whole thing was a side-show, tangential to the real world of business.他们认为整件事情只是一个插曲，和真正的商界没有多大关系。

2.ADJ 形容词 切线的;相切的 If something is tangential to something else, it is at a tangent to it.


There should be some tangible evidence that the economy is starting to recover...应该有明显迹象表明经济开始复苏了。
The relief was almost tangible.这种解脱几乎可以感觉得到。tangibly

This tangibly demonstrated that the world situation could be improved.这清楚地表明世界局势是可以改善的。




2.ADJ 形容词 未来的;将来的 Future things will happen or exist after the present time. for future reference→see: reference;
【搭配模式】：ADJ n

She said if the world did not act conclusively now, it would only bequeath the problem to future generations...她说如果人类现在不采取决定性的行动，那就只会把问题留给子孙后代。
Meanwhile, the domestic debate on Denmark's future role in Europe rages on.与此同时，国内也展开了有关丹麦未来在欧洲扮演何种角色的激烈争论。
...the future King and Queen.未来的国王和王后

From what I know of him he doesn't play silly games.凭我对他的了解，他不会耍滑头的。

18.PHRASE 短语 （通常在压力下）开始更好表现，干得更出色 If you say that someone has raised their game, you mean that they have begun to perform better, usually because they were under pressure to do so.

The world No. 9 had to raise his game to see off a strong challenge from Dale...这位世界排名第九的选手必须有更出色的表现才能击退戴尔强有力的挑战。
As it expands its services around the continent, the competition it offers should force the other airlines to raise their game.这家航空公司在整个大陆拓展业务所带来的竞争会迫使其他航空公司有更好的表现。


...the most fashionable gaming club in London.伦敦最高级的赌场

2.N-UNCOUNT 不可数名词 玩电脑游戏 Gaming is the activity of playing computer games.

Online gaming allows players from around the world to challenge each other.网络游戏使得全球的玩家可以相互较量。




2.N-COUNT 可数名词 一帮，一伙（罪犯） A gang is a group of criminals who work together to commit crimes.

Police were hunting for a gang who had allegedly stolen fifty-five cars.警方正在追捕一个被控盗窃了55辆汽车的犯罪团伙。
...an underworld gang.地下犯罪团伙
...a gang of masked robbers.一帮蒙面劫匪



1.N-SING 单数名词 空档年，间隔年（中学毕业后至上大学前学业间断的一年） A gap year is a period of time during which a student takes a break from studying after they have finished school and before they start college or university.
【语域标签】：BRIT 英

I went around the world in my gap year.我在上大学前空闲的一年里周游了世界。



1.ADJ 形容词 烹饪的；美食的 Gastronomic is used to describe things that are concerned with good food.
【搭配模式】：ADJ n
【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

Paris is the gastronomic capital of the world...巴黎是世界美食之都。
She is sampling gastronomic delights along the Riviera.她在里维埃拉一路品尝着美食。



3.N-COUNT 可数名词 （取得进展或更大成功的）途径，手段 If something is a gateway to a job, career, or other activity, it gives you the opportunity to make progress or get further success in that activity.
【搭配模式】：with supp

The prestigious title offered a gateway to success in the highly competitive world of modelling.在竞争异常激烈的模特界，这一享有盛誉的头衔打开了通往成功的大门。

4.N-COUNT 可数名词 网关；网间连接设备 In computing, a gateway connects different computer networks so that information can be passed between them.


4.PREP 介词 与…情形一样 You can use like to say that someone or something is in the same situation as another person or thing.

It also moved those who, like me, are too young to have lived through the war...它也打动了那些像我一样年纪太轻而没有经历过战争的人。
Like many cities in Germany, it had to recreate itself after the second world war.像德国很多城市一样，它不得不在第二次世界大战后进行重建。

5.PREP 介词 （表示行为如同…一样）像孩子一样哭泣/像老鹰一样监视 If you say that someone is behaving like something or someone else, you mean that they are behaving in a way that is typical of that kind of thing or person. Like is used in this way in many fixed expressions, for example to cry like a baby and to watch someone like a hawk.

【搭配模式】：with neg
【语用信息】：emphasis

There's nothing like candlelight for creating a romantic mood...再没什么比烛光更能营造浪漫气氛了。
There was no feeling like it in the world.天底下没有比这更好的感觉了。

10.PREP 介词 （强调否定）没有，不到 You can use like in expressions such as nothing like to make an emphatic negative statement.

16.PHRASE 短语 前所未有（或闻所未闻）的事物 If you refer to something the like of which or the likes of which has never been seen before, you are emphasizing how important, great, or noticeable the thing is.
【搭配模式】：n PHR cl
【语用信息】：emphasis

...technological advances the like of which the world had previously only dreamed of...只存在于前人梦想中的惊人科技进步
We are dealing with an epidemic the likes of which we have never seen in this century.我们面临的疫情规模在本世纪尚属空前。



45.PHRASE 短语 （与…）一致；（与…）相符 If one thing is in line with another, or is brought into line with it, the first thing is, or becomes, similar to the second, especially in a way that has been planned or expected.
【搭配模式】：usu PHR after v

The structure of our schools is now broadly in line with the major countries of the world...我们的学校建构现在基本上与世界上主要国家的相一致了。
This brings the law into line with most medical opinion.这使得该法与绝大多数医学见解保持了一致。
...the economic discipline required to bring currencies into line.实现货币统一所需的经济纪律

★☆☆ line-up ●●○○○

1.N-COUNT 可数名词 一组人；一批东西 A line-up is a group of people or a series of things that have been gathered together to be part of a particular event.

Ryan Giggs is likely to be in Wales's starting line-up for their World Cup qualifying match...瑞恩·吉格斯可能出现在威尔士队世界杯预选赛的首发阵容中。
The programme is back for a new series with a great line-up of musicians and comedy acts.该节目重新开播了，新系列中汇集了一大批音乐家和喜剧剧目。


【语法信息】：be V-ed P to n
【语法信息】：Also be V-ed P
【搭配模式】：usu passive

The television screens of the next century will be linked up to an emerging world telecommunications grid.下个世纪的电视屏幕将会接入到正在形成的全球电信网络中。




9.N-COUNT 可数名词 (书、杂志等中的)图，表 In books and magazines, the diagrams which help to show or explain information are referred to as figures .
【搭配模式】：also N num

If you look at a world map (see Figure 1) you can identify the major wine-producing regions...查一查世界地图(见图1)，就能找到主要的葡萄酒产区。
Figure 1.15 shows which provinces lost populations between 1910 and 1920.表 1.15 显示出哪些省份在 1910 至 1920 年间人口减少了。



——————————————
★☆☆ film noir

1.N-VAR 可变名词 黑色电影 Film noir refers to a type of film or a style of film-making which shows the world as a dangerous or depressing place where many people suffer, especially because of the greed or cruelty of others.

...a remake of the 1947 film noir classic, Kiss of Death.1947 年经典黑色电影《死亡之吻》的翻拍

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